Resumen

LEON PACHECO, Rommel et al. Ecophysiological characterization of four clones of cassava from genebank at INIA-CENIAP. Agronomía Trop. [online]. 2014, vol.64, n.1-2, pp.97-105. ISSN 0002-192X.

Where prolonged drought is a major constraint for the success of food crops, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an alternative under these conditions. However, despite its hardiness this crop is affected by the environmental extremes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological and agronomic potential of four promising clones of cassava in the Experimental Field of the National Agricultural Research Center (INIA-CENIAP), Maracay, Venezuela. The cultivars Bolívar 32, Concha rosada, CM 6740-7 y Per 183 were evaluated using a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement (4*9), corresponding to four cultivars of cassava and nine months evaluation, respectively, with three replications. The results indicated cultivars differences (P≤0.05) for number of leaves/plant, leaf area, plant height and petiole length. Leaf area (cm²), petiole length (cm), photosynthesis (μmol CO₂ m^-2 s^-1), stomatal conductance (mmol CO₂ m^-2 s^-1) and transpiration (mmol H₂O m^-2 s^-1) showed a significant effect (P≤0.05) between month and clone interaction. With the principal component multivariate analysis, the four clones showed divergence among them. Finally, stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthesis and leaf number did not showed significant differences due to the small number of clones evaluated. Photosynthetic rate obtained for this crop presumed a C3-C4 metabolism.

Palabras clave : Manihot esculenta Crantz; physiological descriptors; agronomic descriptors.

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