Resumen

ACEVEDO, Sabrina et al. Activated Carbon Prepared from Bituminous Coal with Potassium Hydroxide Activation. Rev. Téc. Ing. Univ. Zulia [online]. 2016, vol.39, n.2, pp.064-070. ISSN 0254-0770.

Mineral coals from Guasare Paso Diablo Mine, specifically from coal seams IV and V, were activated with potassium hydroxide (KOH), and then characterized through ASTM Standard Test Methods, for instrumental determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, moisture and ash. A low ash percentage was obtained, which made these materials perfect to be used in chemical activation of mineral coal. Surface Area was determined through the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The morphology of the material was studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and the information about functional groups was obtained with Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Surface areas of 1386 m 2 /g and 652 m 2 /g, were obtained after chemical activation of mineral coal from layer IV and V, respectively, after activation with 60% m/m KOH solution. 30% m/m KOH solution produced activated carbon with lower surface area. This KOH concentration was unable to break the carbon bonds and form a real porous structure in the material. The adsorptive capacity of the materials was obtained by mean of methylene blue number and the iodine number, which was determined according to the ASTM D-4607-94 method for activated carbon. The higher iodine adsorption was 1083 mg/g for mineral coal from layer IV, while for activated coal from layer V a value of 711 mg/g was obtained. The methylene blue indexes of the materials were 149 mg/g and 145 mg/g for coal from layers IV and V, respectively. The SEM micrographs showed a porous structure of the materials with micropores and mesopores size distribution. Chemical analysis demonstrated that activated carbon with oxygen groups was obtained in all cases, according to FT-IR analysis.

Palabras clave : Coal; mineral; KOH; surface area; activated carbon.

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