Resumen

HERRERA CUENCA, Marianella et al. Obesity in School-age Venezuelan Children and risk factors for prevention of type 2 diabetes. An Venez Nutr [online]. 2013, vol.26, n.2, pp.95-105. ISSN 0798-0752.

Non communicable diseases are a major health concern. The aim of this study was to measure obesity prevalence among school age children in 8 cities of Venezuela and the association with sociodemographic, antropometric, physical activity, body composition and food security variables and to identify risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes in the future. This is a cross sectional study of 1052 children recruited in 2011 at public and private schools. Anthropometric variables, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) were obtained and there was a subsample in Caracas where capillary glucose and waist circumference were performed. A semi-structured questionnaire for evaluating socioeconomic status (SES), perception of food insecurity and lifestyle habits was given to parents of children in order to obtain information. A general prevalence 26.4 % of Obesity according to BMI was reported, whereas by BFP was 26.5%, deficit of BMI was 10.3% and low BFP 13.5%. The city with the highest prevalence of obesity according to BFP was Maracay, Aragua State. The 40.2% of children belonged to medium, low and very low SES, while 48.5% classified as medium high SES according to Graffar-Mendez Castellano’s method. A high contribution of excess of fried foods, sweets, sugary beverages and junk foods was found to the axis of high BMI, weight and BFP when Multiple Correspondence Analysis was performed. OR analysis didn’t show significance between different variables. There was a consistent finding of the existence of the double burden: obesity-undernutrition as has been shown in other studies.

Palabras clave : Type 2 diabetes, obesity; body mass index; school age children; body fat percentage; capillary glycemia.

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