Resumen

FIGUEROA, Olga  ; VASQUEZ, Margarita; NOGUERA, Dalmacia  y  VILLALOBOS, Daniel. Alimentación del paciente con diarrea aguda. Arch Venez Puer Ped [online]. 2014, vol.77, n.1, pp.41-47. ISSN 0004-0649.

Nutritional management is an important aspect of the treatment of children with acute diarrhea. It has been shown that fasting, malnutrition, and alteration of the intestinal microbiota, decrease: intestinal mass, enzyme activity and cell turnover rate. The fundamental objectives are directed to avoid further deterioration of the health and the progression of the disease towards chronicity. Benefits of continuation of feeding during diarrhoea, coupled with oral rehydration therapy has been demonstrated, since it decreases the deficit of protein and energy, prevents catabolism, stimulates intestinal function and allows the maintenance of digestive enzymes exerting trophic effect on the mucosa of the small intestine, which in turn reduces fecal losses, functional and anatomical hypotrophy associated with the "rest of the intestine". Refeeding should be gradual, timely, early, complete and adequate, in order to provide the necessary contribution of calories, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. The child should continue breastfeeding. In case of receiving milk formula, this requires no dilution or special formulas. Recommended: absorbent or astringent foods that contain polysaccharide with colloidal properties such as pectin and dextrin which decrease number of bowel movements and increase its consistency; avoid consumption of foods high in insoluble fibre; protein source of high biological value and hypoallergenic type; preparation of vegetables and fruit as thick soups, puree, juice or natural jams, and fortify them with corn or rice flours without added sugar.

Palabras clave : acute diarrhea; reefeeding; rehydration.

        · resumen en Español     · texto en Español     · Español ( pdf )