<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0004-0622</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[ALAN]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0004-0622</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutrición]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0004-06222023000300223</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37527/2023.73.3.006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Papel inmunomodulador de la vitamina D y los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados omega-3 en trastornos autoinmunes: Revisión de la Literatura]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Immunomodulatory role of vitamin D and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in autoinmune disorders: Literature Review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nathalia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabbri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Della-Morte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Camillo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6 "/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Af7"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universal Scientific Education and Research Network Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Managua ]]></addr-line>
<country>Nicaragua</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Rome Tor Vergata Department of Systems Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rome ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,San Raffaele Roma Open University Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rome ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine McKnight Brain Institute Department of Neurology, Evelyn F]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Miami ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Cell Transplant Center, Diabetes Research Institute ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Miami ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences Section of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, UniCamillus ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rome ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universal Scientific Education and Research Network Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rome ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>223</fpage>
<lpage>232</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0004-06222023000300223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0004-06222023000300223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0004-06222023000300223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los trastornos autoinmunes representan una familia de al menos 80 condiciones diferentes que surgen de una respuesta aberrante del sistema inmunológico resultando finalmente en la destrucción de tejidos y órganos específicos del cuerpo. Es importante destacar que durante las últimas tres décadas los estudios epidemiológicos han proporcionado evidencia de un aumento constante en la incidencia y prevalencia de trastornos autoinmunes. En los últimos años, varios estudios han demostrado que la vitamina D y los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (AGPs) omega-3 ejercen propiedades inmunomoduladoras y antiinflamatorias sinérgicas que pueden aprovecharse positivamente para la prevención y el tratamiento de trastornos autoinmunes. En este sentido, el reciente ensayo clínico denominado VITAL (ensayo de vitamina D y omega 3); un estudio a gran escala, aleatorizado, doble ciego, controlado con placebo encontró que la suplementación conjunta de vitamina D y AGPs omega-3 (VIDOM) puede reducir la incidencia de enfermedades autoinmunes. En esta revisión de la literatura, resumimos los mecanismos moleculares detrás de las propiedades inmunomoduladoras y antiinflamatorias de la vitamina D y los AGPs omega-3, así como la posible interacción bidireccional entre el metabolismo de la vitamina D y el metabolismo de los AGPs omega-3 que justifica la co- suplementación VIDOM en trastornos autoinmunes. Arch Latinoam Nutr 2023; 73(3): 223-232.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Autoimmune disorders represent a family of at least 80 different conditions that arise from an aberrant immune system response, which ultimately results in the destruction of specific body tissues and organs. It is important to highlight that during the last three decades epidemiological studies have provided evidence of a steady increase in the incidence and prevalence of autoimmune disorders. In recent years, several studies have shown that vitamin D and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exert synergistic immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that can be positively harnessed for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune disorders. In this sense, the recent clinical trial called VITAL (Vitamin D and Omega 3 trial) - a large, randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled study - found that co-supplementation of vitamin D and omega-3 PUFAs (VIDOM) can reduce the incidence of autoimmune diseases. In this literature review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms behind the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin D and omega-3 PUFAs, as well as the possible bidirectional interaction between vitamin D metabolism and omega-3 PUFA metabolism that justifies VIDOM co- supplementation in autoimmune disorders. Arch Latinoam Nutr 2023; 73(3): 223-232.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedades autoinmunes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autoinmunidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vitamina D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ácidos grasos poliinsaturados omega-3]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nutrición inmunomoduladora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inmunonutrición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[autoimmune disorders]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[autoimmunity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vitamin D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[omega-3 PUFAs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[immunomodulatory nutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nutritional immunology]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bubes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D and marine omega 3 fatty acid supplementation and incident autoimmune disease: VITAL randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMJ]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>376</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadario]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savastio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rizzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Can Type 1 diabetes progression be halted? Possible role of high dose vitamin D and omega 3 fatty acids]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1604-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cadario]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savastio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rizzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maiuri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Administration of vitamin D and high dose of omega 3 to sustain remission of type 1 diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>512-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clare-Salzler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baggerly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aliano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDonnell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D and Omega 3 Field Study on Progression of Type 1 Diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CellR4 Repair Replace Regen Reprogram]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>7</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sonnino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabbri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Combination high-dose omega-3 fatty acids and high-dose cholecalciferol in new onset type 1 diabetes: a potential role in preservation of beta-cell mass]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>3313-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rose]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prediction and Prevention of Autoimmune Disease in the 21st Century: A Review and Preview]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>183</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>403-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lerner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeremias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matthias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The World Incidence and Prevalence of Autoimmune Diseases is Increasing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Celiac Disease]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>151-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gershwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Human autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>278</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>369-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brooks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanisms and pathophysiology of autoimmune disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Rev Allergy Immunol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuhn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feillet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The 'hygiene hypothesis' for autoimmune and allergic diseases: an update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Exp Immunol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>160</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mazzucca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raineri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cappellano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiocchetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How to Tackle the Relationship between Autoimmune Diseases and Diet: Well Begun Is Half-Done]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>3956</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amital]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shoenfeld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of dietary sodium in autoimmune diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The salty truth. Autoimmun Rev]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1069-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dankers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Hamburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lubberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D in Autoimmunity: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Immunol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>697</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caprio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calanchini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mammi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabbri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D: not just the bone. Evidence for beneficial pleiotropic extraskeletal effects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eat Weight Disord]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>27-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clare-Salzler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuenmayor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of Vitamin D on Islet Autoimmunity and Beta-Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>2185</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hollis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Howard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ascherio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of multiple sclerosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>296</volume>
<numero>23</numero>
<issue>23</issue>
<page-range>2832-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murdaca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tonacci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puppo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Emerging role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases: An update on evidence and therapeutic implications]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Autoimmun Rev]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>102350</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fasano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shea-Donohue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanisms of disease: the role of intestinal barrier function in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal autoimmune diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>416-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Desai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seekatz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koropatkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hickey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Dietary Fiber- Deprived Gut Microbiota Degrades the Colonic Mucus Barrier and Enhances Pathogen Susceptibility]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cell]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>167</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1339-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lerner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matthias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changes in intestinal tight junction permeability associated with industrial food additives explain the rising incidence of autoimmune disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Autoimmun Rev]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>479-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sears]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anti-inflammatory Diets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Coll Nutr]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>34^s1</numero>
<issue>34^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>14-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#61559;-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorate type 1 diabetes and autoimmunity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Invest]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>127</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1757-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabbri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Towards a sustainable prevention of type 2 diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Barilla Center for Food &amp; Nutrition Foundation]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>44-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caprio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mammi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D: a novel player in endothelial function and dysfunction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Med Sci]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>4-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabbri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Editorial - Vitamin D status: a key modulator of innate immunity and natural defense from acute viral respiratory infections]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>4048-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weaver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cantorna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Novel insight into the role of the vitamin D receptor in the development and function of the immune system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>219</volume>
<page-range>106084</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Remigio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riches]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D inhibits monocyte/macrophage proinflammatory cytokine production by targeting MAPK phosphatase-1]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Immunol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>188</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>2127-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Overbergh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Decallonne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valckx]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verstuyf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Depovere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laureys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification and immune regulation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1-alpha-hydroxylase in murine macrophages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Exp Immunol]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>120</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>139-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wenes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stijlemans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 curtails the inflammatory and T cell stimulatory capacity of macrophages through an IL-10-dependent mechanism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Immunobiology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>217</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1292-300</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piemonti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sironi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D3 affects differentiation, maturation, and function of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Immunol]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>164</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>4443-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adorini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1 Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits differentiation, maturation, activation, and survival of dendritic cells leading to impaired alloreactive T cell activation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Immunol]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>164</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>2405-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gauzzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Purificato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Suppressive effect of 1alpha,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3 on type I IFN-mediated monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells: impairment of functional activities and chemotaxis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Immunol]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>174</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>270-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Etten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verstuyf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 alters murine dendritic cell behaviour in vitro and in vivo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Metab Res Rev]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>933-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ivens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samuel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campbell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JDM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Restrains CD4+ T Cell Priming Ability of CD11c+ Dendritic Cell s by Upregulating Expression of CD31]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Immunol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>600</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeffery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IL-2 combine to inhibit T cell production of inflammatory cytokines and promote development of regulatory T cells expressing CTLA-4 and FoxP3]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Immunol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>183</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>5458-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Overbergh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Decallonne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induces an autoantigen-specific T-helper 1/T-helper 2 immune shift in NOD mice immunized with GAD65 (p524-543)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1301-137</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boonstra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savelkoul]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Garra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1alpha,25- Dihydroxyvitamin d3 has a direct effect on naive CD4(+) T cells to enhance the development of Th2 cells]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Immunol]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>167</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>4974-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouillon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lieben]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verstuyf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carmeliet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D action: lessons from VDR and Cyp27b1 null mice]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Endocrinol Rev]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>^sl 2</numero>
<issue>^sl 2</issue>
<supplement>l 2</supplement>
<page-range>354-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chauss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freiwald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGregor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autocrine vitamin D signaling switches off pro- inflammatory programs of T]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Immunol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>62-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D&#8323; Promotes High Glucose-Induced M1 Macrophage Switching to M2 via the VDR-PPAR&#61543; Signaling Pathway]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biomed Res Int]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>2015</volume>
<page-range>157834</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baeke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takiishi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gysemans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D: modulator of the immune system]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Opin Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>482-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The vitamin D deficiency pandemic: Approaches for diagnosis, treatment and prevention]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Endocr Metab Disord]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>153-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[APO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ASG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KMB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botelho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in South America: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Rev]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1290-309</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernanda Mujica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cediel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López de Romaña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Less than adequate vitamin D status and intake in Latin America and the Caribbean:a problem of unknown magnitude]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Food Nutr Bull]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>52-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velikova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fabbri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of vitamin D as a potential adjuvant for COVID-19 vaccines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>17</numero>
<issue>17</issue>
<page-range>5323-237</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borsche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glauner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[von Mendel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19 Mortality Risk Correlates Inversely with Vitamin D3 Status, and a Mortality Rate Close to Zero Could Theoretically Be Achieved at 50 ng/mL 25(OH)D3: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>3596</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charoenngam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Immunologic Effects of Vitamin D on Human Health and Disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>2097</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simonetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sacco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rundek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Della-Morte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Novel Anti-Inflammatory Role of Omega-3 PUFAs in Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>2279</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flower]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prostaglandins, bioassay and inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>147</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>S182-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samuelsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dahlén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lindgren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rouzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Leukotrienes and lipoxins: structures, biosynthesis, and biological effects]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>237</volume>
<numero>4819</numero>
<issue>4819</issue>
<page-range>1171-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>510</volume>
<numero>7503</numero>
<issue>7503</issue>
<page-range>92-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resolution phase lipid mediators of inflammation: agonists of resolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Opin Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>632-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leuti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maccarrone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiurchiù]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Proresolving Lipid Mediators: Endogenous Modulators of Oxidative Stress]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oxid Med Cell Longev]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>2019</volume>
<numero>8107265</numero>
<issue>8107265</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<label>54</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clària]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resolvins, specialized proresolving lipid mediators, and their potential roles in metabolic diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cell Metab]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<label>55</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiNicolantonio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Keefe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Importance of maintaining a low omega-6/omega-3 ratio for reducing inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Open Heart]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<label>56</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The importance of the ratio of omega-6/ omega-3 essential fatty acids]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biomed Pharmacother]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>365-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<label>57</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The importance of the omega-6/ omega-3 fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Exp Biol Med (Maywood)]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>233</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>674-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<label>58</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[VITAL study: an incomplete picture?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>3142-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<label>59</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AZ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Therapeutic Potential of &#61559;-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Autoimmune Diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Immunol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>2241</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<label>60</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Löfvenborg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andersson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interaction Between GAD65 Antibodies and Dietary Fish Intake or Plasma Phospholipid n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Incident Adult-OnsetDiabetes : The EPIC-InterAct Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetes Care]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>416-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<label>61</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Søyland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nenseter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braathen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drevon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Very long chain n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit proliferation of human T-lymphocytes in vitro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Clin Invest]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>112-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<label>62</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgoffe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The mTOR kinase differentially regulates effector and regulatory T cell lineage commitment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Immunity]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>832-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<label>63</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regulation and function of mTOR signalling in T cell fate decisions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Rev Immunol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>325-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<label>64</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiurchiù]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leuti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dalli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Proresolving lipid mediators resolvin D1, resolvin D2, and maresin 1 are critical in modulating T cell responses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sci Transl Med]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>353</numero>
<issue>353</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<label>65</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kooij]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Troletti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leuti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators are differentially altered in peripheral blood of patients with multiple sclerosis and attenuate monocyte and blood-brain barrier dysfunction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Haematologica]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>105</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>2056-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<label>66</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>355-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<label>67</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Binkley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bischoff-Ferrari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1911-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<label>68</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Della Corte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carpino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Vito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Docosahexanoic Acid Plus Vitamin D Treatment Improves Features of NAFLD in Children with Serum Vitamin D Deficiency: Results from a Single Centre Trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<label>69</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rajabi-Naeeni M]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dolatian M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qorbani M]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VaeziAA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of omega-3 and vitamin D co- supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profiles in reproductive-aged women with pre-diabetes and hypovitaminosis D: a randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diabetol Metab Syndr]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<label>70</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Talari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Najafi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raygan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirhosseini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ostadmohammadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amirani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Long- term vitamin D and high-dose n-3 fatty acids' supplementation improve markers of cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients with CHD]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Nutr]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>122</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<label>71</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamilian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samimi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ebrahimi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acid co- supplementation on glycemic control and lipid concentrations in patients with gestational diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Lipidol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>459-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<label>72</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Razavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamilian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samimi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Metab (Lond)]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>80</numero>
<issue>80</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<label>73</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamilian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samimi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirhosseini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influences of vitamin D and omega-3 co- supplementation on clinical, metabolic and genetic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Affect Disord]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>238</volume>
<page-range>32-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<label>74</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricordi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Role of Vitamin D and Omega-3 PUFAs in Islet Transplantation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2937</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<label>75</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boccuzzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sears]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The use of high- dose Omega-3 PUFAs and Vitamin-D co- supplementation as a therapeutic approach for IBD-related symptoms: case report and literature review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cell R4]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>7</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<label>76</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sears]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rizzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Omega-3 PUFAs and vitamin D co-supplementation as a safe-effective therapeutic approach for core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: case report and literature review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Neurosci]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>779-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<label>77</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wadhwani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vitamin D deficiency influences fatty acid metabolism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>140</volume>
<page-range>57-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<label>78</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fatty Acid Desaturases, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Regulation, and Biotechnological Advances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<label>79</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Son]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[An]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Combined Treatment with Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Cholecalciferol Increases 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Levels by Modulating Dysregulation of Vitamin D Metabolism in 5/6 Nephrectomy Rats]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<label>80</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[An]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Son]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YK.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation increases 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and fetuin-A levels in dialysis patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutr Res]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>495-502</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B81">
<label>81</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Son]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[An]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effects of omega-3 fatty acid on vitamin D activation in hemodialysis patients: a pilot study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mar Drugs]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>741-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B82">
<label>82</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alhabeeb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kord-Varkaneh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[G&#259;man]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Otayf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qadri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of omega-3 supplementation on vitamin D levels in humans: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>3116-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
