<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0254-0770</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Técnica de la Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad del Zulia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Téc. Ing. Univ. Zulia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0254-0770</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Zulia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0254-07702009000100009</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Growth, structural, thermal, optical and electrical properties of CuIn5S8]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Crecimiento, propiedades estructurales, térmicas, ópticas y eléctricas del CuIn5S8]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estévez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josefa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Larissa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elvis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lisandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fermín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durante Rincón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Zulia Facultad Experimental de Ciencias Departamento de Física]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maracaibo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Zulia Facultad Experimental de Ciencias Departamento de Física]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Maracaibo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>60</fpage>
<lpage>67</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0254-07702009000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0254-07702009000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0254-07702009000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In the present work the compound CuIn5S8 is obtained by direct fusion of the estoichiometric mixture of the constituent chemical elements. The data of the X-ray powder diffraction, indexed with the program TREOR 90, show a single-phase crystal with cubic spinel structure, space group Fd3m and unit cell parameter of 10,69 Å. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) measurements show that this crystal melts congruently around 1084ºC. Transmittance measurements were used to obtain the absorption coefficient a. From this last one two energy gaps Eg were found at room temperature, one direct and another indirect, with 1.41 and 1,25 eV, respectively. The reflectivity of this compound is reported for the first time and is used to confirm the energy gaps values obtained from transmittance measurements. The study of the electrical properties shows that the conductivity of the CuIn5S8 is n-type. Two activation energies were estimated from the Arrhenius plots of the resistivity and the carrier concentration, 56 meV and 0.16 eV, respectively.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En el presente trabajo el compuesto CuIn5S8 es obtenido por fusión directa de la mezcla estequiométrica de los elementos químicos constituyentes. Los datos de la difracción de rayos X en polvo, indexados con el programa TREOR 90, muestran un cristal monofásico de estructura cúbica spinel, con grupo espacial Fd3m y parámetro de celda unidad de 10.69 Å. De acuerdo con las medidas de Análisis Térmico Diferencia (ATD) este cristal funde congruentemente alrededor de 1084ºC. Se utilizaron medidas de tramitancia para obtener el coeficiente de absorción a. A partir de este último se encontraron dos brechas de energía Eg a temperatura ambiente, una directa y otra indirecta, con valores de 1.41 y 1.25 eV, respectivamente. Por primera vez se reporta la reflectividad de este compuesto, a partir de ésta se confirmaron los valores de las brechas de energía obtenidos de las medidas de tramitancia. El estudio de las propiedades eléctricas muestra que la conductividad del CuIn5S8 es tipo n. Dos energías de activación fueron estimadas de los diagramas de Arrhenius de la resistividad y de la concentración de portadores, 56 meV y 0.16 eV, respectivamente.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ordered vacancies semiconductors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[crystalline structure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phase transitions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[energy gap]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[resistivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Semiconductores de vacantes ordenadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estructura cristalina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transiciones de fase]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[brecha de energía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistividad]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  <BASEFONT SIZE="3"> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     <P ALIGN="center"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Growth, structural, thermal, optical and electrical properties of CuIn</B><SUB><B>5</B></SUB><B>S</B><SUB><B>8</B></SUB><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Josefa Est&#233;vez</B><SUP><B>1</B></SUP><B>, Larissa Dur&#225;n</B><SUP><B>1</B></SUP><B>, Elvis Hern&#225;ndez, Jaime Castro</B><SUP><B>1</B></SUP><B>, Lisandro  Mel&#233;ndez</B><SUP><B>1</B></SUP><B>, Jos&#233; Rafael Ferm&#237;n</B><SUP><B>2 </B></SUP> <B>y Carlos Alberto Durante Rinc&#243;n</B><SUP><B>1</B></SUP><B>&nbsp;</B> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUP>1 </SUP>Laboratorio de Ciencia de Materiales, Departamento de F&#237;sica, Facultad  Experimental de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela.</FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>2</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Laboratorio de Materia Condensada, Departamento de F&#237;sica, Facultad Experimental  de Ciencias, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Tel/Fax.: 58-261-7598160. <a href="mailto:lduran@luz.edu.ve">lduran@luz.edu.ve</a></FONT></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">,  <a href="mailto:jestevez@luz.edu.ve">jestevez@luz.edu.ve</a></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Abstract&nbsp;</B> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> In the present work the compound CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> is obtained by direct fusion of  the estoichiometric mixture of the constituent chemical elements. The data  of the X-ray powder diffraction, indexed with the program TREOR 90, show  a single-phase crystal with cubic spinel structure, space group Fd3m and  unit cell parameter of 10,69 &#197;. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) measurements  show that this crystal melts congruently around 1084&#186;C. Transmittance measurements  were used to obtain the absorption coefficient a. From this last one two  energy gaps <I>E</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB><I>g</I></SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> were found at room temperature, one direct and another indirect,  with 1.41 and 1,25 eV, respectively. The reflectivity of this compound  is reported for the first time and is used to confirm the energy gaps values  obtained from transmittance measurements. The study of the electrical properties  shows that the conductivity of the CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> is n-type. Two activation energies  were estimated from the Arrhenius plots of the resistivity and the carrier  concentration, 56 meV and 0.16 eV, respectively.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT> </FONT> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Keywords:&nbsp;</B> Ordered vacancies semiconductors, crystalline structure, phase transitions,  energy gap, resistivity.&nbsp;</FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><b><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Crecimiento, propiedades estructurales, t&#233;rmicas, &#243;pticas y el&#233;ctricas  del CuIn<SUB>5</SUB>S<SUB>8</SUB>&nbsp; </FONT></b></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Resumen</B></FONT></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> En el presente trabajo el compuesto CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> es obtenido por fusi&#243;n directa  de la mezcla estequiom&#233;trica de los elementos qu&#237;micos constituyentes.  Los datos de la difracci&#243;n de rayos X en polvo, indexados con el programa  TREOR 90, muestran un cristal monof&#225;sico de estructura c&#250;bica spinel, con  grupo espacial Fd3m y par&#225;metro de celda unidad de 10.69 &#197;. De acuerdo  con las medidas de An&#225;lisis T&#233;rmico Diferencia (ATD) este cristal funde  congruentemente alrededor de 1084&#186;C. Se utilizaron medidas de tramitancia  para obtener el coeficiente de absorci&#243;n a. A partir de este &#250;ltimo se  encontraron dos brechas de energ&#237;a <I>E</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB><I>g</I></SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> a temperatura ambiente, una directa  y otra indirecta, con valores de 1.41 y 1.25 eV, respectivamente. Por primera  vez se reporta la reflectividad de este compuesto, a partir de &#233;sta se  confirmaron los valores de las brechas de energ&#237;a obtenidos de las medidas  de tramitancia. El estudio de las propiedades el&#233;ctricas muestra que la  conductividad del CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><SUB><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana">8</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"> </FONT> </SUB> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> es tipo n. Dos energ&#237;as de activaci&#243;n fueron  estimadas de los diagramas de Arrhenius de la resistividad y de la concentraci&#243;n  de portadores, 56 meV y 0.16 eV, respectivamente.</FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Palabras clave:&nbsp;</B> Semiconductores de vacantes ordenadas, estructura cristalina, transiciones  de fase, brecha de energ&#237;a, resistividad.&nbsp;</FONT></P> </MULTICOL> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Recibido el 16 de Junio de 2008 En forma revisada el 09 de Febrero de 2009</FONT></P> </MULTICOL> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Introducci&#243;n</B></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Los compuestos semiconductores ternarios de la familia Cu-In-S como el  CuInS</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>2</SUB> y CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> son candidatos prometedores para la aplicaci&#243;n en celdas  fotovoltaicas, debido principalmente a que sus brechas de energ&#237;as est&#225;n  muy cercanas al valor &#243;ptimo sugerido para la aplicaci&#243;n en celdas solares.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Estudios previos de difracci&#243;n de rayos X indican que el compuesto CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">  es monof&#225;sico de estructura c&#250;bica-spinel [1-16] con par&#225;metro de celda  unidad de 10.690 &#197; [1-13]. Las investigaciones sobre transiciones &#243;pticas  indican que el CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> presenta dos brechas de energ&#237;as, una directa y  otra indirecta, con valores de 1.51 y 1.30 eV a 295 &#186;K, respectivamente  [2, 4, 6-9]. Estos valores est&#225;n muy cercanos al valor te&#243;rico sugerido  para obtener una eficiencia m&#225;xima en el uso de celdas solares [1-4, 14-16].  Las medidas de resistividad el&#233;ctrica y de Efecto Hall sobre CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> en  el rango10-400 &#186;K, muestran que el cristal presenta una alta resistividad  el&#233;ctrica y una concentraci&#243;n de portadores del orden 2x10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>16</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> a 1,1x10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>19</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">  cm</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>-3</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> [1-5]. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar las propiedades del  CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> policristalino, realizando un conjunto completo de medidas, todas  sobre muestras provenientes de un mismo lingote obtenido por una t&#233;cnica  sencilla de crecimiento.</FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Detalles Experimentales</B></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> El compuesto ternario CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> fue preparado por fusi&#243;n directa de la mezcla  estequiom&#233;trica de los elementos constituyentes con un grado de pureza  5N, en ampollas de cuarzo evacuadas (&#8776;10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>-6</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Torr). La ampolla fue recubierta  previamente, en sus paredes internas, con grafito para reducir al m&#237;nimo  el riesgo de explosi&#243;n, debido a la reacci&#243;n exot&#233;rmica entre los elementos  del grupo III y VI [7, 8]. La ampolla fue calentada cuidadosamente hasta  1150&#176;C en un horno vertical de una sola zona de temperatura constante.  Manteniendo esta temperatura por 24 h, fue agitada la c&#225;psula para que  los elementos ya fundidos se mezclen adecuadamente. Finalmente se enfri&#243;  el horno hasta 500&#176;C a 5&#176;C/h, realizando recocido a esta temperatura por  4 d&#237;as y dejando enfriar por inercia. La composici&#243;n del lingote as&#237; obtenido  fue verificada por fluorescencia de rayos X [17], utilizando un espectr&#243;metro  TXRF 8030C marca CAMECA equipado con un tubo de rayos X de 3 kW con anodo  de Mo/W y un monocromador multicapas de W/C. Los resultados se muestran  en la <a href="#tab1">Tabla 1</a>, las incertidumbres expandidas calculadas [18] son cercanas  al 1% en todos los casos y puede observarse que el lingote es de composici&#243;n  homog&#233;nea aunque deficitario en azufre, lo cual es normal por la evaporaci&#243;n  del mismo en la t&#233;cnica de crecimiento utilizada.</FONT></FONT></P> </MULTICOL>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <a name="tab1">Tabla 1</a></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">  Composici&#243;n de secciones del lingote de CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT></FONT></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<div align="center"> <TABLE id="table1" cellspacing="1" width="579" border="1"> <TR> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Secci&#243;n&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Cu&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> In&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> S&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> %Cu&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> %In&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> %S&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> CuIn<SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">-1&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1,00&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5,23&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6,96&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7,59&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 39,64&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 52,77&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> CuIn<SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">-2&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1,00&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5,16&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6,88&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7,67&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 39,55&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 52,78&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> CuIn<SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">-3&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1,00&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5,35&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7,05&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7,47&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 39,90&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 52,63&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </div> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> La medida de difracci&#243;n de rayos X fue realizada por el m&#233;todo del polvo,  usando un Difract&#243;metro Siemens D5005 con el &#225;nodo de cobre (&#945;<SUB>2</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">/&#945;</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>1</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">= 0.5)  y geometr&#237;a de Bragg-Bretano. Los patrones fueron obtenidos para 5&#176; &#8804; 2&#952;  &#8804; 100&#176; con un paso de 40.0s y un paso angular de 0.02&#176;.</FONT></FONT></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Para la determinaci&#243;n de posibles transiciones de fase y el punto de fusi&#243;n  del compuesto estudiado se realiz&#243; el an&#225;lisis t&#233;rmico diferencial utilizando  un equipo Shimadzu DTA-50 y polvo de al&#250;mina (&#945;-Al</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>2</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">O</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>3</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">) como material de  referencia inerte. La muestra fue previamente encapsulada al vac&#237;o para  evitar la p&#233;rdida de material a altas temperaturas.</FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> La tramitancia fue medida a temperatura ambiente e incidencia normal usando  un espectrofot&#243;metro de fibra &#243;ptica Ocean Optics modelo SD2000. Para esto,  la muestra fue reducida a un espesor de 45 </FONT> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2">mm</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"> y pulida a calidad &#243;ptica  con polvo de al&#250;mina de 1, 0.3 y 0.05 mm<FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman">, sucesivamente.</FONT></FONT></P> </MULTICOL> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Las medidas de reflectividad a temperatura ambiente se llevaron a cabo  con el espectrofot&#243;metro ya descrito utilizando una esfera integradora.  Para esto se puli&#243; a calidad &#243;ptica una cara de un paralelep&#237;pedo de aproximadamente  4&nbsp;mm</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUP>2</SUP> de superficie y 1 mm de espesor previamente cortado del lingote.&nbsp; </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Para realizar las medidas de las propiedades el&#233;ctricas se utiliz&#243; la muestra  con forma de paralelep&#237;pedo y se emple&#243; la configuraci&#243;n de los seis contactos  que permite realizar simult&#225;neamente las medidas de resistividad y constante  de Hall en funci&#243;n de la temperatura. Una vez conocida la resistividad  y la concentraci&#243;n de portadores que se puede estimar del coeficiente de  Hall, es posible obtener una estimaci&#243;n de la movilidad de los portadores  de carga en funci&#243;n de la temperatura. La dependencia con la temperatura  de la resistividad y de la concentraci&#243;n de portadores permite calcular  la energ&#237;a de activaci&#243;n de los mecanismos de conducci&#243;n presentes, as&#237;  como el tipo de conductividad y la naturaleza del material (metal, semiconductor  o aislante).&nbsp; </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Resultados y Discusi&#243;n&nbsp;</B> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> El patr&#243;n de difracci&#243;n para CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> es mostrado en la  <a href="#fig1">Figura 1</a>. Se observa  una &#250;nica fase con estructura c&#250;bica-spinel y grupo espacial de simetr&#237;a  convencional F3dm [1, 3, 4, 8, 9]. El programa de computadora Treor90 fue  utilizado para indexar la posici&#243;n de los picos registrados en el patr&#243;n  de difracci&#243;n y evaluar el par&#225;metro de la celda unidad <i>&#945;</i> y los &#237;ndices  de Miller (hkl) que son mostrados en la <a href="#tab2">Tabla 2</a>. El par&#225;metro de la celda  unidad est&#225; en buen acuerdo con lo reportado por otros autores [1-13].</FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig1"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig1.gif" width="570" height="450"></a></P> </MULTICOL>     
<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <a name="tab2">Tabla 2</a></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Datos cristalinos y de difracci&#243;n de rayos x en polvo  obtenidos  para la aleaci&#243;n CuIn<SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><SUB><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">8</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">&nbsp;</FONT></SUB> </FONT></P>     <div align="center"> <TABLE id="table2" cellspacing="1" width="429" border="1"> <TR> <TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN="4" align="center">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> a = 10.690532&#197;</FONT></P> </TD> <TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN="2" align="center"> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> &nbsp;V= 1221.79 Å3</FONT></TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> h</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> k</FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> l&nbsp; </FONT> </TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2&#952;<SUB>obs</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> (&#186;)&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2&#952;<SUB>cal</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> (&#186;)&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> d<SUB>obs</SUB> (&#197;)&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1</FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1</FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 14.339&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 14.339&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6.1722&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 23.519&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 23.519&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 3.7796&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 3</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 27.653&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 27.652&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 3.2233&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 28.908&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 28.908&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 3.0861&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 4</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 33.502&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 33.503&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2.6726&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 3</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">3</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 36.609&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 36.610&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2.4527&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 4  </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 41.341&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 41.341&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2.1822&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 43.974&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 43.975&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2.0574&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> 2</TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> 1</TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 46.490&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 46.490&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.9518&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 4</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 48.107&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 48.108&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.8899&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">3</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 50.461&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 50.463&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.8071&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 54.220&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 54.222&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.6904&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">3</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">3</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 56.394&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 56.392&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.6303&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 57.104&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 57.104&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.6117&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 4</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 59.895&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 59.895&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.5430&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 61.940&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 61.938&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.4969&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 65.258&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 65.259&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.4286&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">3</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 67.209&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 67.209&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.3918&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 8</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 70.400&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 70.400&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.3363&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">6</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 75.383&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 75.382&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.2599&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">5</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 77.220&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 77.219&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.2344&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">6</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 77.830&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 77.830&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.2263&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 8</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 80.253&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 80.253&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.1952&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 9</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 82.059&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 82.059&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.1734&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">6</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 85.055&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 85.055&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.1396&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 9</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">3</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 86.841&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 86.842&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.1734&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 8</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font face="Verdana" size="2">4</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 89.820&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 89.819&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.0911&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 7  </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">7</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 91.605&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 91.606&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 10744&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 10</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">2</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">0</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 94.582&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 94.583&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.0483&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD WIDTH="31" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 9</FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="24" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">5</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="32" VALIGN="TOP"> <font size="2" face="Verdana">1</font></TD> <TD WIDTH="106" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 96.377&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="107" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 96.376&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> <TD WIDTH="88" VALIGN="TOP">     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.0335&nbsp; </FONT></P> </TD> </TR> </TABLE> </div>     <P ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> M<SUB>(20)</SUB> = 886 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;F<SUB>(20) &nbsp;</SUB>=  656. (0.000343, &nbsp;&nbsp;89) </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> M<SUB>(30)</SUB> = 609 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;F<SUB>(30) &nbsp;</SUB>= 506. (0.000406,  &nbsp;146)</FONT></P> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> El valor de las temperaturas de transici&#243;n de fase para el compuesto se  determin&#243; por el criterio del onset extrapolado de la temperatura. Se obtuvo  una temperatura por cada velocidad de calentamiento y enfriamiento (10,  15 y 20&#186;C/min), el valor final de la temperatura asociada a la transici&#243;n,  &#250;nicamente fusi&#243;n en este caso, result&#243; de extrapolar a 0&#176;C/min las temperaturas  obtenidas a distintitas velocidades de calentamiento. El valor as&#237; obtenido  result&#243; ser aproximadamente 1084&#186;C, coincidiendo con lo reportado por Rogacheva  [16] para el punto de fusi&#243;n del CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">. En las  <a href="#fig2">Figuras 2a y 2b</a> se muestran,  a modo de ejemplo, termogramas del compuesto CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">, tanto en calentamiento  (20&#186;C/min) como enfriamiento (15&#186;C/min).</FONT></FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig2"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig2.gif" width="532" height="1113"></a></P>     
<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> La <a href="#fig3">Figura 3</a> muestra el espectro de reflectividad con valores entre 0.22  y 0.35, propios de semiconductores basados en cobre, con singularidades  alrededor de 1.2 y 1.4 eV. Conociendo la tramitancia y el valor de la reflectividad  se puede calcular [3] el coeficiente de absorci&#243;n a en funci&#243;n de <I>hv</I>(eV),  lo cual se muestra en la <a href="#fig4">Figura 4</a>. All&#237; se observa claramente un hombro  en el rango 1,34 a 1,36 eV que corresponde a una transici&#243;n &#243;ptica del  material. Esta transici&#243;n puede deberse bien a la absorci&#243;n por impurezas  o a la presencia de un gap directo o indirecto en el compuesto. Para verificar  esto se grafica (a<I>h</I></FONT><i><font face="Verdana" size="2" color="#1F1A17">v</font></i><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><I>)</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>2</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> vs. <I>h</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><I>n</I> y (a<I>h</I><i>v</i>)</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>1/2</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> vs. <I>hv</I> en la  <a href="#fig5">Figura 5</a>. El ajuste  de las l&#237;neas rectas en las zonas de cambio brusco muestra la presencia  de dos transiciones, una directa y otra indirecta con valores de 1.41 y  1.25 eV, respectivamente, resultados que est&#225;n muy cercanos a los reportados  por varios autores [2, 4, 6-9].</FONT></FONT></FONT></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig3"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig3.gif" width="431" height="456"></a></P>     
<P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig4"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig4.gif" width="423" height="598"></a></P>     
<P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig5"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig5.gif" width="480" height="606"></a></P>     
<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> La reflectividad de un compuesto es importante pues permite obtener la  brecha de energ&#237;a y las caracter&#237;sticas de la estructura electr&#243;nica [18-22].  A la reflectividad medida en este trabajo se le ha aplicado el modelo propuesto  por D&#237;az et al [22] para obtener las brechas de energ&#237;a del compuesto.&nbsp; </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Las <a href="#fig6">Figuras 6a y 6b</a> muestran los ajustes que se hicieron con las siguientes  ecuaciones para obtener la brecha directa y la brecha indirecta, respectivamente:</FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig6"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig6.gif" width="465" height="1010"></a></P>     
<P ALIGN="justify">&nbsp;</P> </MULTICOL> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     <P ALIGN="justify"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09ecu1.gif" width="381" height="72"></P>     
<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> con <I>A</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>0</SUB>=(<I>n</I>-1)</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>2</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">/(<I>n</I>+1)</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>2</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> siendo <I>n</I> la parte real del &#237;ndice de refracci&#243;n y  <I>E</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB><I>g</I></SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> = <I>A</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>2</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">/<I>A</I></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>1</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09ecu2.gif" width="338" height="84"></P> </MULTICOL> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     
]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> donde <I>B</I> es una funci&#243;n de la parte real del &#237;ndice de refracci&#243;n. Los valores  obtenidos de estos ajustes coinciden muy bien con los valores de las brechas  de energ&#237;a obtenidos por otras t&#233;cnicas.&nbsp; </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Utilizando el m&#233;todo de la punta caliente [23] se determin&#243; que la muestra  estudiada presenta una conductividad tipo n, como ha sido reportado por  otros autores [2-5, 8, 11, 24, 25]. En la <a href="#fig7">Figura 7</a> se muestra la curva  de <i>p</i> vs. 10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>3</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">/T. Es posible estimar la energ&#237;a (&#8710;E) requerida para activar  un proceso de conducci&#243;n de los portadores de carga a partir de la pendiente  <I>m</I> obtenida por medio de un ajuste lineal del logaritmo neperiano de los  datos experimentales, obteni&#233;ndose un valor del orden de 56 meV. La disminuci&#243;n  de la resistividad con el decrecimiento de la temperatura se debe al debilitamiento  del scatterring por fonones. En esta regi&#243;n la resistividad est&#225; dominada  por la dependencia de la mobilidad con la temperatura.</FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig7"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig7.gif" width="434" height="697"></a></P>     
<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> En la <a href="#fig8">Figura 8</a> se muestran los resultados de la medida del coeficiente  de Hall en funci&#243;n de la temperatura. En esta gr&#225;fica se puede apreciar  que el signo del coeficiente de Hall permanece constante en todo el rango  de temperatura y a partir de este signo se ve que la conductividad es tipo  n. Conocido el coeficiente de Hall la concentraci&#243;n de portadores se calcula  como n=&nbsp;-1/R</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>h</SUB>&#183;e, donde e es la carga del electr&#243;n. La concentraci&#243;n de portadores  del compuesto estudiado var&#237;a desde 10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>10</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> hasta 10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>15</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> cm</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>-3</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> en el rango de  temperatura estudiado.</FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig8"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig8.gif" width="438" height="655"></a></P>     
<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> En la <a href="#fig9">Figura 9</a> se presenta la curva de n/T</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUP>3/2</SUP> vs. 10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>3</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">/T correspondiente  a los resultados experimentales obtenidos. Un ajuste lineal del logaritmo  neperiano de los datos en la regi&#243;n de alta temperatura permite estimar  una energ&#237;a de activaci&#243;n de los portadores de alrededor de 0.16 eV.</FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="center"><a name="fig9"> <img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/rtfiuz/v32n1/art09fig9.gif" width="456" height="786"></a></P> </MULTICOL> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     
<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Conclusiones&nbsp;</B> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Se obtuvo un lingote de buena calidad del compuesto CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> por el m&#233;todo  de fusi&#243;n directa de cantidades estequiom&#233;tricas de los elementos constituyentes.  Los resultados de difracci&#243;n de rayos X en polvo mostraron que a temperatura  ambiente la muestra presenta una sola fase policristalina con estructura  c&#250;bica-espinel. El par&#225;metro que define a la celda unidad, <i>&#945;</i>, se determin&#243;  indexando el patr&#243;n de difracci&#243;n con el programa computacional TREOR 90  y est&#225; de acuerdo a lo reportado en la bibliograf&#237;a [1-13]. A partir del  an&#225;lisis t&#233;rmico diferencial se encontr&#243; que el punto de fusi&#243;n esta alrededor  de 1084&#176;C, muy cercano a lo reportado por otros autores.</FONT></FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"> <FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Con las medidas  de tramitancia y reflectividad se calcul&#243; el coeficiente de absorci&#243;n,  y con este se determinaron dos brechas de energ&#237;a a temperatura ambiente  en 1.41 y 1.25 eV, directa e indirecta, respectivamente. Estos valores  coinciden con los de las brechas calculadas a partir del an&#225;lisis de la  reflectividad. De la medida de resistividad el&#233;ctrica se corrobor&#243; que  el material en estudio es un semiconductor con conductividad tipo n. A  partir de la medida del coeficiente de Hall se estim&#243; la concentraci&#243;n  de portadores de carga en el rango de 10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>10</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> a 10</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>15</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> cm</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUP>-3</SUP></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">. La energ&#237;a de activaci&#243;n  determinada a trav&#233;s de la medida de resistividad el&#233;ctrica es de 56 meV.  Por otra parte, a partir de la gr&#225;fica de la concentraci&#243;n de portadores  se encontr&#243; un energ&#237;a de activaci&#243;n de 0.16 eV.</FONT></FONT></P> </MULTICOL> <MULTICOL GUTTER="39" COLS="2">     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Agradecimientos&nbsp;</B> </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Este trabajo fue financiado con fondos de CONDES-LUZ y FONACIT.&nbsp; </FONT></P>     <P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> <B>Referencias Bibliogr&#225;ficas&nbsp;</B> </FONT></P>     <!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 1.&nbsp;Qasrawi A.F and Gasanly N.M. &#147;Photoelectronic and electrical properties  of CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Single Crystals”. Cryst. Res. Technol. 38(12): (2003). 1063-1076.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362361&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 2.&nbsp;Qasrawi A.F. and Gasanly N.M. &#147;Crystal Data, Electrical Resistivity,  and Hall Mobility of n-Type AgIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Single Crystals&#148;. Cryst. Res. Technol.  36(4-5): (2001). 457-464.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362362&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 3.&nbsp;Orlava N.S., Bodnar I.V and Kudritskaya E.A. &#147;Crystal Growth and  Properties of the CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> and AgIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Compounds&#148;. Cryst. Res. Technol.  33(1): (1998). 37-42.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362363&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 4. Qasrawi A.F and Gasanly N.M. &#147;Crystal Data, Photoconductivity and Carrier  Scattering Mechanisms in CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">”. Cryst. Res. Technol. 36(12): (2001). 1399-1410.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362364&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 5. Nomura R., Seki, Y and Matsuda H. &#147;Preparation of CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> thin films  by single-source organometellic chemical vapour deposition&#148;. Thin Films  209: (1992). 145-147.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362365&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 6. Kitamura S., Endo S and Irie T. &#147;Semiconducting Properties of CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">  Single Crystals I. Electrical Properties&#148;. J. Phys. Chem. 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Electrochimica Acta 37(3): (1992). 465-467.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362367&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 8.&nbsp;Orlava N.S., Bodnar I.V and Kudritskaya E.A. &#147;Structure and Physicochemical  Properties of CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">&#148;. Inorganic Materials, 33(8): (1997). 784-786.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362368&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 9.&nbsp;Gansaly N.M., Magomedor A.Z., Melnik N.N and Salamos B.G. &#147;Raman and Infrared Studies of AgIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> and CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> Single Crystals&#148;. Phys. Stat.  Sol. (b) 177(K37J): (1993). 31-35.</FONT></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362369&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 10. 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Sov.  Phys. Semicond. 25(8): (1991). 824-829.&nbsp; </FONT> </FONT> </FONT> </FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2362373&pid=S0254-0770200900010000900013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><P ALIGN="justify"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana"> 14. Haeuseler H., Elitok E., Memo A and Osnowsky A. &#147;Materials with layered  structures XI: X ray powder diffraction investigations in the systems CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana" SIZE="2"><SUB>5</SUB>S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">-CuIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">Se</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">  and AgIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Bookman"><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">S</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">-AgIn</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>5</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">Se</FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" FACE="Verdana"><SUB>8</SUB></FONT><FONT COLOR="#1f1a17" SIZE="2" FACE="Verdana">”. 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