<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0535-5133</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigación Clínica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Invest. clín]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0535-5133</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0535-51332022000400414</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54817/ic.v63n4a08</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[&#946;-defensinas como posibles indicadores de la actividad inflamatoria en la enfermedad periodontal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[&#946;-defensins as possible indicators of inflammatory activity in periodontal disease]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Thomé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Saira K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ávila Curiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Huerta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solórzano Mata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca Facultad de Odontología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Oaxaca ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Oaxaca ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>414</fpage>
<lpage>434</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0535-51332022000400414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0535-51332022000400414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0535-51332022000400414&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La enfermedad periodontal (gingivitis y periodontitis) es un proceso inflamatorio ocasionado por la actividad de bacterias patógenas y sus productos sobre el surco gingival, con la consecuente activación de la respuesta inmunitaria. La saliva y el fluido crevicular contienen una gran variedad de enzimas y factores antimicrobianos que están en contacto con la región supragingival y subgingival; entre ellos, las &#946;-defensinas (hBDs). Las hBDs son péptidos catiónicos no glicosilados ricos en cisteína, producidos por las células epiteliales; tienen efecto antimicrobiano e inmunorregulador; de esta forma, contribuyen al mantenimiento de la homeostasis en los tejidos periodontales. Los cambios en la microbiota y en la respuesta inmunitaria de un periodonto sano a gingivitis y, finalmente, a periodontitis, es compleja. Su severidad depende de un equilibrio dinámico entre las bacterias asociadas a la placa, factores genéticos y ambientales. Los avances recientes han permitido comprender la implicación de las hBDs en la detección, el diagnóstico y la terapéutica de la enfermedad periodontal, así como la relación que hay entre la periodontitis y otras enfermedades inflamatorias. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir el efecto de las hBDs en la respuesta inmunitaria y su utilización como marcadores de la actividad inflamatoria de la enfermedad periodontal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) is an inflammatory process caused by the activity of pathogenic bacteria and their products on the gingival sulcus, with the consequent activation of the immune response. Saliva and crevicular fluid contain a wide variety of enzymes and antimicrobial factors that are in contact with the supragingival and subgingival region, including &#946;-defensins (hBDs). hHBDs are non-glycosylated, cysteine-rich cationic peptides produced by epithelial cells with antimicrobial and immunoregulatory effects, thus contributing to maintaining homeostasis in periodontal tissues. The changes in the microbiota and the immune response from a healthy periodontium to gingivitis and, finally, to periodontitis are complex. Their severity depends on a dynamic balance between bacteria associated with plaque, genetic and environmental factors. Recent advances have made it possible to understand the implication of hBDs in the detection, diagnosis, and therapy of periodontal disease and the relationship between periodontitis and other inflammatory conditions. This review aims to describe the effect of hBDs on the immune response and its use as a possible marker of the inflammatory activity of the periodontal disease.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[&#946;-defensinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[epitelio bucal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad periodontal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gingivitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[periodontitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gingivitis experimental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[&#946;-defensins]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[buccal epithelium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[periodontal disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gingivitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[periodontitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[experimental gingivitis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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