<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0535-5133</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigación Clínica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Invest. clín]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0535-5133</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0535-51332026000100125</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54817/ic.v67n1a09</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ameliorative potential of astaxanthin in isoproterenol-induced heart failure in rats via the regulation of the renin-angiotensin system.]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Potencial mejorador de la astaxantina en la insuficiencia cardíaca inducida por isoproterenol en ratas a través de la regulación del sistema renina-angiotensina.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liang]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qiao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Furong]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Xi&#8217;an Daxing Hospital Department of Cardiology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Xi&#8217;an Shaanxi Province]]></addr-line>
<country>China</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>125</fpage>
<lpage>138</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0535-51332026000100125&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0535-51332026000100125&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0535-51332026000100125&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Heart failure (HF) is a condition in which the heart cannot pump blood effectively to the body. Isoproterenol (ISO) induces HF in rodents by affecting the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Astaxanthin (AST) is known to have protective effects on the cardiovascular system. However, clear evidence showing that AST improves HF through RAS regulation has not yet been reported. This study aimed to investigate the role of AST in ISO-induced HF in rats. HF was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of ISO (5 mg/kg/day) for seven consecutive days. AST (25 and 50 mg/kg), aliskiren (30 mg/kg), ramipril (4 mg/kg), and telmisartan (8 mg/kg) were administered orally for 21 days, starting from the last dose of ISO (day 8). Changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate associated with HF were measured on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Additionally, changes in heart-to-body weight ratio, serum creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, plasma renin activity (PRA), tissue hydroxyproline, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, along with histopathological alterations, were evaluated. The administration of AST and RAS-modulating agents reduced ISO-induced changes in cardiac function and biochemical markers. It also demonstrated cardioprotective effects. Therefore, AST may be useful for treating cardiotoxic HF due to its RAS-regulatory actions. However, further studies are needed to confirm this therapeutic potential across different HF models and animal species.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) es una alteración de la capacidad funcional del corazón para bombear sangre al organismo. El isoproterenol (ISO) induce IC en roedores mediante la alteración del sistema renina-angiotensina (SRA). Se sabe que la astaxantina (AST) ejerce una acción reguladora sobre el sistema cardiovascular. Sin embargo, aún no se ha descrito evidencia clara de que la AST mejore la IC mediante la regulación del SRA. El presente estudio fue diseñado para investigar el papel de la AST en la IC inducida por ISO en ratas. La IC se indujo mediante administración intraperitoneal (i.p.) de ISO (5 mg/kg/día) durante siete días consecutivos. La AST (25 y 50 mg/kg), aliskiren (30 mg/kg), ramipril (4 mg/kg) y telmisartán (8 mg/kg) se administraron por vía oral durante 21 días consecutivos, desde la última dosis de ISO (día 8). Los cambios asociados a la IC en la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica y en la frecuencia cardíaca se evaluaron en diferentes puntos temporales, es decir, los días 0, 7, 14, 21 y 28. También se evaluaron los cambios en la relación entre el peso corporal y el corazón, la creatinquinasa sérica-MB (CK-MB), la actividad sérica de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA) y la actividad plasmática de la renina (PRA); y la actividad tisular de la hidroxiprolina y la lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH) junto con los cambios histopatológicos. La administración de agentes moduladores de AST y SRA atenúa los parámetros bioquímicos y funcionales cardíacos inducidos por ISO. También demuestra efectos cardio-protectores. Por lo tanto, la AST puede utilizarse para la IC asociada a cardiotoxinas debido a sus acciones reguladoras del SRA. Sin embargo, se requieren estudios más exhaustivos para demostrar su eficacia terapéutica en diferentes IC y especies animales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Arterial Pressure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Endomyocardial Fibrosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lactate Dehydrogenase]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Renin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Presión Arterial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fibrosis Endomiocárdica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lactato Deshidrogenasa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Renina]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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