<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0004-0622</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[ALAN]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0004-0622</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutrición]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0004-06222004000100009</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Exercício contínuo e intermitente: efeitos do treinamento e do destreinamento sobre a gordura corporal de ratos obesos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Continuous and intermittent exercise: effects of training and detraining on body fat in obese rats.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro Braga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Larissa]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rostom de Mello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Alice]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gobatto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudio Alexandre]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A">
<institution><![CDATA[,  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>58</fpage>
<lpage>65</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0004-06222004000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0004-06222004000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0004-06222004000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO. O exercício contínuo tem sido recomendado na prevenção e no tratamento da obesidade mas o emprego do exercício intermitente é discutível. No presente estudo, são apresentados resultados referentes à composição química corporal de ratos obesos submetidos ao treinamento contínuo e intermitente e subseqüente destreinamento. Foram utilizados ratos, Wistar, recém-nascidos, que receberam glutamato monossódio (MSG), via subcutânea, 4mg/g peso corporal (p.c.), a cada dois dias nos primeiros 14 dias de vida. Após o desmame, foram separados em 3 grupos: MSG-SED (sedentário), MSG-CONT (contínuo=natação, 45 min/dia, 5 dias/semana, com sobrecarga de 5% p.c. por 10 semanas) e MSG-INT (intermitente= natação, 15s de atividade/15s de repouso, num total de 45min, 5 dias/semana, com sobrecarga de 15% p.c.). Como controles foram utilizados ratos que receberam salina (SAl) separados em 3 grupos: SAL-SED, SAL-CONT e SAL-INT. Os animais foram avaliados imediatamente após 10 semanas de treinamento e 8 semanas depois de sua interrupção. Os ratos MSG mostraram maiores teores de gordura na carcaça bem como peso e tamanho celular no tecido adiposo epididimal que os SAL, comprovando a eficácia da droga em causar obesidade. O treinamento intermitente atenuou o acúmulo de lactato durante o exercício nos ratos SAL e MSG em relação aos sedentários, indicando melhora do condicionamento aeróbio. Ambos os protocolos reduziram o ganho de peso dos ratos SAL e MSG e o teor de gordura da carcaça dos ratos MSG. Os efeitos dos dois protocolos foram transitórios, uma vez que após o destreinamento os benefícios observados foram revertidos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[SUMMARY. Exercise training is often recommended in prevention and treatment of obesity. The present study was designed to compare the effects of intermittent and continuous exercise on weight loss and carcass composition in obese rats. Obese male Wistar rats (monosodium glutamate [MSG] administration, 4 mg/g of body weight every other day from birth to 14 days old) were used. After drug administration, the rats were separated into three groups: MSG-SED (sedentary), MSG-CONT (continuous, swimming, 45 min/day, 5 days/week, with and overload of 5% body weight for 12 weeks) and MSG-INT (intermittent, 15s swimming intermitted by 15s rest, during 45 min, 5 days/week, with and overload of 15% body weight for 12 weeks). Rats of the same age and strain, administered with saline were used as control (SAL), and subdivided into three groups: SAL-SED, SAL-CONT and SAL-INT. The animals were evaluated at the 10 weeks of training and 8 weeks of its interruption. MSG rats showed higher carcass fat as well as weight and cell size in epididymal adipose tissue than SAL rats, indicting the efficacy of the drug in producing obesity. Intermittent training protocol led to a reduction in blood lactate accumulation during acute exercise and both protocols reduced body weight gain during the experiment in MSG rats. After 8 weeks of training interruption no differences were observed among groups in the examined parameters. Only intermittent exercise training improved aerobic fitness but both protocols were similarly efficient in determining weight loss. However, the effects were transitory, since they disappeared after detraining.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Obesidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[exercício]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[treinamento contínuo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[treinamento intermitente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[controle de peso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[exercise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[intermittent exercise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[continuous exercise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[weight loss]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><b>Exerc&iacute;cio cont&iacute;nuo e intermitente: efeitos do treinamento e do destreinamento sobre a gordura corporal de ratos obesos.</b></font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman">Larissa Ribeiro Braga, Maria Alice Rostom de Mello, Claudio Alexandre Gobatto, PhD</font></P>     <P><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Departamento de Educa&ccedil;&atilde;o F&iacute;sica, I.B., Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Brasil</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&nbsp;</P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">RESUMO. </font> </B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O exerc&iacute;cio cont&iacute;nuo tem sido recomendado na preven&ccedil;&atilde;o e no tratamento da obesidade mas o emprego do exerc&iacute;cio intermitente &eacute; discut&iacute;vel. No presente estudo, s&atilde;o apresentados resultados referentes &agrave; composi&ccedil;&atilde;o qu&iacute;mica corporal de ratos obesos submetidos ao treinamento cont&iacute;nuo e intermitente e subseq&uuml;ente destreinamento. Foram utilizados ratos, Wistar, rec&eacute;m-nascidos, que receberam glutamato monoss&oacute;dio (MSG), via subcut&acirc;nea, 4mg/g peso corporal (p.c.), a cada dois dias nos primeiros 14 dias de vida. Ap&oacute;s o desmame, foram separados em 3 grupos: MSG-SED (sedent&aacute;rio), MSG-CONT (cont&iacute;nuo=nata&ccedil;&atilde;o, 45 min/dia, 5 dias/semana, com sobrecarga de 5% p.c. por 10 semanas) e MSG-INT (intermitente= nata&ccedil;&atilde;o, 15s de atividade/15s de repouso, num total de 45min, 5 dias/semana, com sobrecarga de 15% p.c.). Como controles foram utilizados ratos que receberam salina (SAl) separados em 3 grupos: SAL-SED, SAL-CONT e SAL-INT. Os animais foram avaliados imediatamente ap&oacute;s 10 semanas de treinamento e 8 semanas depois de sua interrup&ccedil;&atilde;o. Os ratos MSG mostraram maiores teores de gordura na carca&ccedil;a bem como peso e tamanho celular no tecido adiposo epididimal que os SAL, comprovando a efic&aacute;cia da droga em causar obesidade. O treinamento intermitente atenuou o ac&uacute;mulo de lactato durante o exerc&iacute;cio nos ratos SAL e MSG em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos sedent&aacute;rios, indicando melhora do condicionamento aer&oacute;bio. Ambos os protocolos reduziram o ganho de peso dos ratos SAL e MSG e o teor de gordura da carca&ccedil;a dos ratos MSG. Os efeitos dos dois protocolos foram transit&oacute;rios, uma vez que ap&oacute;s o destreinamento os benef&iacute;cios observados foram revertidos.</font>  </P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Palvras-chave</font></B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">: Obesidade, exerc&iacute;cio, treinamento cont&iacute;nuo, treinamento intermitente, controle de peso.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"> <B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> Continuous and intermittent exercise: effects of training and detraining on body fat in obese rats.</font> </B></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">SUMMARY.&nbsp; </font></B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Exercise training is often recommended in prevention and treatment of obesity. The present study was designed to compare the effects of intermittent and continuous exercise on weight loss and carcass composition in obese rats. Obese male Wistar rats (monosodium glutamate [MSG] administration, 4 mg/g of body weight every other day from birth to 14 days old) were used. After drug administration, the rats were separated into three groups: MSG-SED (sedentary), MSG-CONT (continuous, swimming, 45 min/day, 5 days/week, with and overload of 5% body weight for 12 weeks) and MSG-INT (intermittent, 15s swimming intermitted by 15s rest, during 45 min, 5 days/week, with and overload of 15% body weight for 12 weeks). Rats of the same age and strain, administered with saline were used as control (SAL), and subdivided into three groups: SAL-SED, SAL-CONT and SAL-INT. The animals were evaluated at the 10 weeks of training and 8 weeks of its interruption. MSG rats showed higher carcass fat as well as weight and cell size in epididymal adipose tissue than SAL rats, indicting the efficacy of the drug in producing obesity. Intermittent training protocol led to a reduction in blood lactate accumulation during acute exercise and both protocols reduced body weight gain during the experiment in MSG rats. After 8 weeks of training interruption no differences were observed among groups in the examined parameters. Only intermittent exercise training improved aerobic fitness but both protocols were similarly efficient in determining weight loss. However, the effects were transitory, since they disappeared after detraining.</font></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Key Words</font></B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">: obesity, exercise, intermittent exercise, continuous exercise and weight loss.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Recibido: 02-06-2003 Aceptado: 13-02-2004</font></P> <B>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">INTRODU&Ccedil;&Atilde;O</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">V&aacute;rios modelos de obesidade experimental t&ecirc;m sido propostos a fim de investigar aspectos metab&oacute;licos e hormonais envolvidos nesse quadro, aos n&iacute;veis celular e molecular. A grande diversidade de caracter&iacute;sticas entre eles indica que nenhum isoladamente pode servir de modelo geral para a obesidade humana (1). Independentemente dessa quest&atilde;o, os estudos em modelos animais t&ecirc;m sido bastante &uacute;teis no estabelecimento das causas e conseq&uuml;&ecirc;ncias da doen&ccedil;a e podem, tamb&eacute;m, ter importante participa&ccedil;&atilde;o no desenvolvimento de procedimentos mais efetivos para preven&ccedil;&atilde;o e tratamento.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Muitos tipos de obesidade animal j&aacute; foram classificados de acordo com sua etiologia. Entre os modelos neurais, a obesidade hipotal&acirc;mica &eacute; a mais bem conhecida. Existem diferentes maneiras de indu&ccedil;&atilde;o da obesidade hipotal&acirc;mica, inclusive atrav&eacute;s de inje&ccedil;&otilde;es sist&ecirc;micas de glutamato monoss&oacute;dico. Animais tratados com essa droga apresentam redu&ccedil;&atilde;o do crescimento corporal, intoler&acirc;ncia &agrave; glicose, resist&ecirc;ncia &agrave; insulina, entre outras altera&ccedil;&otilde;es (1).</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O exerc&iacute;cio f&iacute;sico, por sua vez, tem sido amplamente empregado isoladamente ou em associa&ccedil;&atilde;o com dietoterapia, no tratamento da obesidade. Embora a utiliza&ccedil;&atilde;o do treinamento cont&iacute;nuo, de car&aacute;ter aer&oacute;bio seja mais difundida, o treinamento intervalado, segundo alguns autores, tamb&eacute;m pode ser &uacute;til em programas de redu&ccedil;&atilde;o ponderal, uma vez que parece induzir maiores adapta&ccedil;&otilde;es metab&oacute;licas e ser facilmente sustentado por tempos prolongados com elevada intensidade de esfor&ccedil;o (2). Al&eacute;m disso, apresenta grande ader&ecirc;ncia ao regime de exerc&iacute;cio por parte dos participantes (3). Existem poucas informa&ccedil;&otilde;es quanto ao uso do exerc&iacute;cio na preven&ccedil;&atilde;o da obesidade e s&atilde;o raros os estudos comparativos entre os efeitos de programas cont&iacute;nuos e intermitentes sobre a gordura corporal. Mais raras, ainda, s&atilde;o as pesquisas que abordam os efeitos do destreinamento sobre esse par&acirc;metro.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Em face do exposto, o presente estudo foi delineado com o objetivo de comparar os efeitos de programas de treinamento f&iacute;sico cont&iacute;nuo e intermitente e do subseq&uuml;ente destreinamento, sobre a adiposidade corporal de ratos jovens com obesidade induzida por glutamato monoss&oacute;dico (MSG).</font> </P> <B>     <P><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><span style="text-transform: uppercase">M&eacute;todos</span></font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Animais e seu tratamento</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Foram utilizados ratos da linhagem Wistar, rec&eacute;m nascidos. Ap&oacute;s o desmame, foram mantidos em gaiolas coletivas, n&atilde;o excedendo quatro animais por gaiola, em ciclo de claro/escuro de 12/12 horas, com livre acesso &agrave; &aacute;gua e ao alimento (ra&ccedil;&atilde;o comercial para roedores). Todos os experimentos envolvendo animais foram realizados em conformidade com a regulamenta&ccedil;&atilde;o sobre o assunto vigente no pa&iacute;s.</font> </P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Delineamento e grupos experimentais</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O experimento ocorreu em tr&ecirc;s etapas. Na primeira (indu&ccedil;&atilde;o da obesidade), os animais rec&eacute;m nascidos foram separados em dois grupos de 40 ratos em cada um:</font> </P> <B>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- Salina (SAL)</font></B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">: receberam solu&ccedil;&atilde;o fisiol&oacute;gica (NaCl 0,9%) via subcut&acirc;nea a cada 2 dias nos primeiros 14 dias de vida.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- <B>Glutamato monoss&oacute;dico (MSG)</B>: receberam glutamato monoss&oacute;dico via subcut&acirc;nea, na dose de 4.0 mg/g de peso corporal a cada 2 dias nos primeiros 14 dias de vida.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Ap&oacute;s o desmame, que ocorreu aos 21 dias de idade, teve inicio a segunda etapa (treinamento f&iacute;sico), onde os animais foram distribu&iacute;dos nos seguintes grupos, com 20 ratos em cada um.</font></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- Salina Sedent&aacute;rio</font></B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">(SAL-SED): animais que receberam solu&ccedil;&atilde;o fisiol&oacute;gica nos primeiros 14 dias de vida e que n&atilde;o foram submetidos ao treinamento f&iacute;sico.</font> </P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- Salina Cont&iacute;nuo</font></B> <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> (SAL-CONT): animais que receberam salina nos 14 primeiros dias de vida e que foram submetidos ao protocolo de treinamento cont&iacute;nuo.</font></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- Salina Intermitente</font></B> <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> (SAL-INT): animais que receberam salina nos primeiros 14 dias de vida e que foram submetidos ao protocolo de treinamento intervalado.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">-  <B>MSG sedent&aacute;rio</B> (MSG-SED): animais que receberam doses de MSG nos 14 dias de vida e que n&atilde;o foram submetidos ao treinamento f&iacute;sico.</font></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- MSG Cont&iacute;nuo</font></B> <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> (MSG-CONT): animais que receberam doses de MSG nos 14 dias de vida e que foram submetidos ao protocolo de treinamento cont&iacute;nuo.</font></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- MSG Intermitente</font></B> <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> (MSG-INT): animais que receberam doses de MSG nos 14 dias de vida e que foram submetidos ao protocolo de treinamento intervalado.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Ap&oacute;s 10 semanas do in&iacute;cio do protocolo de exerc&iacute;cio, metade dos animais de cada grupo foi sacrificado<FONT COLOR="#ff0000">. </FONT>Todos os animais restantes foram mantidos inativos por mais 8 semanas (terceira etapa-destreinamento) quando ent&atilde;o foram sacrificados. Ao final das 2<U><SUP>a</U></SUP>  </U>  etapa, antes do sacrif&iacute;cio, animais dos grupos sedent&aacute;rios e treinados foram submetidos a um teste de esfor&ccedil;o para avalia&ccedil;&atilde;o dos teores de lactato sangu&iacute;neo. Ap&oacute;s o sacrif&iacute;cio, ao final das 2<SUP>a</SUP> e 3<SUP>a</SUP> etapas, foram avaliados: composi&ccedil;&atilde;o qu&iacute;mica da carca&ccedil;a, tamanho e n&uacute;mero de c&eacute;lulas no tecido adiposo epididimal.</font> </P> <B>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Protocolos de treinamento</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O programa cont&iacute;nuo consistiu de 45 minutos de nata&ccedil;&atilde;o com sobrecarga de 5% do peso corporal do animal, cinco dias por semana, durante 12 semanas consecutivas, em tanque de 100 x 70 x 60 cm, contendo &aacute;gua mantida a 32&#177; 1° C.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O programa intervalado constituiu de tempo total de 45 minutos de nata&ccedil;&atilde;o sendo alterando 15 segundos de trabalho suportando sobrecarga de 15% do peso corporal, com 15 segundos de repouso, cinco dias por semana, durante 12 semanas, em tanque de 100 x 70 x 60 cm, contendo &aacute;gua mantida a 32&#177; 1&#176; C. Antes do in&iacute;cio dos programas com as respectivas cargas, os animais de cada programa passaram por um per&iacute;odo de uma semana de adapta&ccedil;&atilde;o, utilizando cargas inferiores, que foram incrementadas gradativamente at&eacute; atingirem as cargas propostas.</font></P> <B>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Avalia&ccedil;&otilde;es anteriores ao sacrif&iacute;cio dos animais</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Teste de esfor&ccedil;o f&iacute;sico</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Animais dos grupos SAL-SED, SAL-CONT, MSG-SED e MSG-CONT foram submetidos a 30 minutos de nata&ccedil;&atilde;o com sobrecarga de 5% do peso corporal e foram coletadas amostras sangu&iacute;neas antes e ap&oacute;s 10, 20, 30 minutos de exerc&iacute;cio para dosagem dos teores de lactato em analisador eletroqu&iacute;mico. Ratos dos grupos SAL-SED, SAL-INT, MSG-SED e MSG-INT foram submetidos a 15 segundos de nata&ccedil;&atilde;o com sobrecarga de 15% do peso corporal intercalados com 15 segundos de repouso num total de 30 minutos, e foram coletadas amostras sangu&iacute;neas de sangue antes e ap&oacute;s 10, 20, 30 minutos para dosagem de lactato em analisador eletroqu&iacute;mico (4).</font></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Avalia&ccedil;&otilde;es Gerais</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Todos os animais foram pesados e medidos (focinho-&acirc;nus) uma vez por semana para a determina&ccedil;&atilde;o do ganho de peso e de comprimento corporais, respectivamente, durante o per&iacute;odo experimental. A ingest&atilde;o alimentar dos animais foi registrada, uma vez por semana atrav&eacute;s da diferen&ccedil;a entre a quantidade de alimento ofertada num dia e a quantidade restante no comedouro no dia seguinte.</font> </P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Avalia&ccedil;&otilde;es ap&oacute;s o sacrif&iacute;cio dos animais</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Composi&ccedil;&atilde;o qu&iacute;mica da carca&ccedil;a</font> </P> </B>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Ap&oacute;s sacrif&iacute;cio, as carca&ccedil;as foram evisceradas, pesadas e secas at&eacute; peso em estufa a 100&#176; C. Foram ent&atilde;o homogeneizadas em liquidificador com benzeno sofrendo v&aacute;rias lavagens com esse solvente para a remo&ccedil;&atilde;o da gordura. A carca&ccedil;a livre de gordura foi seca at&eacute; peso constante em estufa a 100&#176; C. O p&oacute; seco e desengordurado foi pesado. O conte&uacute;do de gordura e de H<SUB>2</SUB>O foi calculado por diferen&ccedil;a de peso. Uma al&iacute;quota do p&oacute; desengordurado foi dissolvida em HCLO<SUB>4</SUB> 1 N e o teor de prote&iacute;na,  medido pelo m&eacute;todo folin-fenol (5).</font> </P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Tamanho e n&uacute;mero de c&eacute;lulas no tecido adiposo epididimal</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O tecido adiposo epididimal foi totalmente removido, pesado e teve seu teor de DNA avaliado (6), visando inferir sobre o tamanho (raz&atilde;o peso/DNA) e n&uacute;mero (teor de DNA) de c&eacute;lulas nesse tecido (7).</font></P> <B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">An&aacute;lise Estat&iacute;stica</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Foi realizada atrav&eacute;s da an&aacute;lise de vari&acirc;ncia de duas entradas, sendo avaliados os efeitos da obesidade experimental e do treinamento f&iacute;sico. Quando necess&aacute;rio foi utilizado o teste "pos-hoc" de Newman-Keuls para a compara&ccedil;&atilde;o entre os grupos em todos os casos, o n&iacute;vel de signific&acirc;ncia foi pr&eacute;-fixado em 5%.</font></P> <B>     <P><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">RESULTADOS</font></P> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O ac&uacute;mulo de lactato sangu&iacute;neo durante o teste de esfor&ccedil;o nos ratos SAL e MSG foi menor nos ratos submetidos ao programa de exerc&iacute;cio intermitente em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos ratos sedent&aacute;rios (<a href="#FIGURA 1">Figura 1</a>). N&atilde;o foram constatadas diferen&ccedil;as significativas nos n&iacute;veis de lactato durante o exerc&iacute;cio entre ratos treinados pelo protocolo cont&iacute;nuo e os sedent&aacute;rios (<a href="#FIGURA 2">Figura 2</a>).</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><a name="FIGURA 1">FIGURA 1</a></font></P> <B><FONT FACE="Arial">    <P ALIGN="center"> </FONT> </B><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Lactato no sangue (mmol/L) dos ratos durante teste de esfor&ccedil;o realizado ap&oacute;s o per&iacute;odo de treinamento f&iacute;sico de car&aacute;ter intermitente. Resultados expressos como m&eacute;dia<B>  &#177; </B> EPM de 8 ratos em cada grupo. SAL = salina, MSG = glutamato monoss&oacute;dico, SED = sedent&aacute;rio, INT = intermitente.</font> </P> <B>    <P ALIGN="center"><img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/alan/v54n1/art09img01.jpg" width="523" height="334"></P>  </B><FONT SIZE=2>    
]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> </FONT>     <p><font face="Symbol" size="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ¨</font><FONT SIZE=2><font face="Times New Roman"> Diferen&ccedil;a significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o a: SAL-SED,</font>     <p><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ¤ Diferen&ccedil;a significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o a: MSG-SED</font>      <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; *     Diferen&ccedil;a significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos teores basais (tempo 0).</font></P> </FONT> <B>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&nbsp;</P> </B>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><a name="FIGURA 2">FIGURA 2</a></font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Lactato no sangue (mmol/L) dos ratos durante teste de esfor&ccedil;o realizado ap&oacute;s o per&iacute;odo de treinamento f&iacute;sico de car&aacute;ter cont&iacute;nuo. Resultados expressos como m&eacute;dia &#177;  EPM de 8 ratos em cada grupo. SAL = salina, MSG = glutamato monoss&oacute;dico, SED = sedent&aacute;rio, CONT = cont&iacute;nuo, INT = intermitente</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><img border="0" src="/img/fbpe/alan/v54n1/art09img02.jpg" width="523" height="327"></P>     
<P ALIGN="CENTER">&nbsp;</P> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; * Diferen&ccedil;a significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos teores basais (tempo 0).</font></P> </FONT>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Os animais submetidos aos dois protocolos de treinamento f&iacute;sico tamb&eacute;m apresentaram menor ganho de peso que os sedent&aacute;rios na etapa de treinamento. Nesta etapa, os valores referentes ao ganho de peso dos ratos MSG foram significativamente inferiores em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos animais controles equivalentes. Na etapa de destreinamento, apenas os ratos MSG-S mantiveram menor ganho de peso que os demais (<a href="#TABELA 1">Tabela 1</a>). Menor comprimento corporal tamb&eacute;m foi observado em animais tratados com MSG (<a href="#TABELA 2.">Tabela 2</a>).</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY">&nbsp;</P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><a name="TABELA 1">TABELA 1</a></font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Ganho de peso (g) durante os per&iacute;odos de treinamento e destreinamento.</font></P> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P></FONT>     <div align="center">       <center> <TABLE BORDER="1" CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=4 WIDTH=566 HSPACE=9> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=6 HEIGHT=23 width="550"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">Treinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="74" valign="TOP" HEIGHT=27> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-SED</font></P> </FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=27> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="84" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=27> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-INT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=27> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-SED</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="95" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=27> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="69" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=27> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-INT</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="74" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">309,1&#177;  7,36</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">254,00&#177;  6,30</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="84" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">276,50&#177;  8,03</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*+</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">240,40&#177;  9,66</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="95" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">200,80&#177;  7,75</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">+<b>:</b></font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="69" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">202,00&#177;  8,10<SUP>#<b>:</b></SUP></font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=6 width="550"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P align="center"><font face="Times New Roman">Destreinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="74" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">125,6&#177;  16,00</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="85" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">143,9&#177;  19,70</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="84" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">104,5&#177;  15,50</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">87,90&#177;  3,70</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="95" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">102,40&#177;  13,00</font><B><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></P> </SUP> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="69" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">106,4&#177;  11,51</font><B><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></P> </SUP> </B>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> </TR> </TABLE>  </center> </div>      <P>  <FONT SIZE=2 face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a: Resultados expressos como m&eacute;dia<B>  &#177; </B> EPM de 20 ratos por grupo na fase de treinamento e 10 na fase de destreinamento.&nbsp; </FONT></P>      <P>  <FONT SIZE=2 face="Times New Roman"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; SAL = salina, MSG = glutamato monoss&oacute;dico, SED = sedent&aacute;rio, CONT = cont&iacute;nuo, INT = intermitente. Diferen&ccedil;a&nbsp; </FONT></P>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P>  <FONT SIZE=2 face="Times New Roman"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o *SAL-SED, <SUP>+</SUP> SAL-CONT, <SUP>#</SUP>SAL- INT, <b><sup>:</sup></b>MSG-SED </FONT></P>      <P ALIGN="CENTER">&nbsp;</P>      <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><a name="TABELA 2.">TABELA 2.</a></font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Comprimento corporal (cm) ao final dos per&iacute;odos de treinamento e destreinamento.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER">    <CENTER>     <div align="center">   <TABLE BORDER="1" CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=4 WIDTH=504> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=6> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">Treinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-SED</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-INT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-SED</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-INT</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">23,91&#177;  0,32</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">22,95&#177;  0,30</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">23,24&#177;  0,29</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">21,61&#177;  0,24</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">21,28&#177;  0,24</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">20,95&#177;  0,14</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">#</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=6> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">Destreinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">23,10&#177;  0,44</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">25,00&#177;  0,10</font></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">25,80&#177;  0,17</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">23,28&#177;  0,45</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">22,88&#177;  0,33</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">22,70&#177;  0,24</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">#</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> </TR> </TABLE> </div> </CENTER>  <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Resultados expressos como m&eacute;dia<B>  &#177; </B> EPM  de 20 ratos por grupo na fase de treinamento e 10 na fase de destreinamento.&nbsp;</font></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As siglas s&atilde;o as mesmas constantes da Tabela 1. Diferen&ccedil;a significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o a: *SAL-SED,</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <SUP>+</SUP>SAL-CONT, <SUP>#</SUP> SAL-INT</font></P>  </FONT>      <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Os animais MSG mostraram valores significativamente superiores em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos teores de gordura na carca&ccedil;a durante todo o per&iacute;odo experimental (treinamento e destreinamento) comparado aos grupos controle salina correspondentes. (<a href="#TABELA 3">Tabela 3</a>), sem qualquer altera&ccedil;&atilde;o no consumo alimentar (<a href="#TABELA 4">Tabela 4</a>). O teor de gordura na carca&ccedil;a dos MSG treinados foi menor que os sedent&aacute;rios durante a etapa de treinamento. Em ambas as etapas do protocolo experimental, os ratos tratados com MSG apresentaram teores de &aacute;gua significativamente inferiores aos ratos salina correspondentes (<a href="#TABELA 3">Tabela 3</a>).</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O peso do tecido adiposo epididimal foi sempre significativamente mais elevado nos grupos MSG que nos SAL. Os valores observados entre os MSG treinados foram menores que os dos sedent&aacute;rios, logo ap&oacute;s a etapa de treinamento.Em ambas etapas (treinamento e destreinamento) nenhuma diferen&ccedil;a significativa foi observada em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o ao n&uacute;mero de c&eacute;lulas adiposas, conforme inferido pelo teor de DNA. Os ratos MSG apresentaram logo ap&oacute;s a fase de treinamento valores no tamanho celular, conforme inferido pela raz&atilde;o peso do tecido/DNA, significativamente superiores em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos SAL equivalentes. Tais altera&ccedil;&otilde;es permaneceram logo ap&oacute;s a fase de destreinamento (<a href="#TABELA 5.">Tabela 5</a>).</font></P> <B> </B>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><a name="TABELA 3">TABELA 3</a></font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Teores de<B> </B>&aacute;gua (g/100g), de gordura (g/100g) e prote&iacute;na (g/100g) na carca&ccedil;a dos ratos ap&oacute;s treinamento f&iacute;sico e subseq&uuml;ente destreinamento.</font></P> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"> </P></FONT>     <div align="center">       <center> <TABLE BORDER="1" CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=4 WIDTH=517> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=8 width="573"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">Treinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Grupos</font></FONT> </TD> <TD WIDTH="71" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-SED</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="73" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-CONT</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="80" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-INT</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="81" VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=2> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-SED</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-CONT</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-INT</font></FONT></P>   </TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2> <B> </B>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&Aacute;gua</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="71" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">65,17&#177;  0,65</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="73" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">58,93&#177;  3,00</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="80" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">61,38&#177;  2,75</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="81" VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=2> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">49.29&#177;  3,27</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">51,66&#177;  3,44</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></P> </SUP></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">50,91&#177; 0,87</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">#</font></P> </SUP></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Gordura</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="71" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">8,74&#177;  0,91</font></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="73" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">13,22&#177;  2,80</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="80" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">10,76&#177;  2,24</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="81" VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=2> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">27,11&#177;  4,75</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">21,41&#177;  2,46</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">+d</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">20,91&#177;  0,89</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">#</font><B><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></P> </B></SUP>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Prote&iacute;na</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="71" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">9,49&#177;  0,66</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="73" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">12,91&#177;  2,44</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="80" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">13,67&#177; 4,56</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="81" VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=2> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">8,36&#177;  0,76</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">9,37&#177;  0,70</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">11,39&#177;  1,58</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=8 width="573"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">Destreinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2> <B> </B>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&Aacute;gua</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="71" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">63,89&#177;  0,21</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="73" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">60,61&#177;  0,37</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="80" VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=2 align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">63,18&#177;  0,48</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="81" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">48,51&#177;  2,73</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">46,37&#177;  3,13</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">44,20&#177;  4,40</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">#</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Gordura</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="71" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">8,44&#177;  0,95</font></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="73" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">10,19&#177; 0,37</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="80" VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=2 align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">7,76&#177;  0,70</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="81" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">27,10&#177;  1,18</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">*</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">29,63&#177;  2,28</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">+</font></P> </SUP>    <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">25,14&#177;  2,07</font><SUP><font face="Times New Roman">#</font></P> </SUP>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Prote&iacute;na</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="71" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">11,85&#177;  1,15</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="73" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">9,12&#177;  0,76</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="80" VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=2 align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">10,63&#177;  0,82</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="81" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">12,34&#177;  1,14</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="83" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">13,10&#177;  0,37</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP" align="center"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">11,65&#177;  3,32</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> </TR> </TABLE>  </center> </div>  <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Resultados expressos como m&eacute;dia<B>  &#177; </B> EPM de 8 ratos por grupo. As siglas s&atilde;o as mesmas constantes do Tabela 1.&nbsp;</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman"> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Diferen&ccedil;a significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o a: *SAL-SED, <SUP>+</SUP>SAL-CONT, <SUP>#</SUP>SAL-INT, <B><SUP>:</B></SUP>MSG-SED.</font></P> </FONT>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><a name="TABELA 4">TABELA 4</a></font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Ingest&atilde;o alimentar (g/100g/dia) durante os per&iacute;odos de treinamento e destreinamento.</font></P>     <div align="center">       ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<center> <TABLE BORDER="1" CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=4 WIDTH=552> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=6> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">Treinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="13%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-SED</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="20%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center">        <font face="Times New Roman">        SAL-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-INT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="15%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-SED</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-INT</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="13%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=62> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">7,78&#177; 0,07</font></P> </FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="20%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=62> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">8,64&#177;  1,16</font></P> </FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=62> <FONT SIZE=2>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">8,15&#177;  0,20</font></P> </FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="15%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=62> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">7,53&#177;  0,18</font></P> </FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=62> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">8,76&#177;  0,57</font></P> </FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT=62> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">8,14&#177;  0,49</font></P> </FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=6 HEIGHT=23> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">Destreinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="13%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">6.45&#177;  025</font></P> </FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="20%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">6,00&#177; 0,20</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">5,80&#177;  0,21</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="15%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">6,50&#177;  0,41</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">5,90&#177;  0,80</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="17%" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>     <P ALIGN="center"><font face="Times New Roman">7,15&#177;  0,55</font></P>     <P ALIGN="center"></FONT></TD> </TR> </TABLE>  </center> </div>  <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Resultados expressos como m&eacute;dia<B>  &#177; </B> EPM padr&atilde;o de 20 ratos por grupo na fase de treinamento e 10 na fase de destreinamento.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;As siglas s&atilde;o as mesmas constantes da Tabela 1.</font> </P> </FONT>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"><a name="TABELA 5.">TABELA 5.</a></font></P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Peso (mg/100mg de peso corporal), teor de DNA (mg/100mg de tecido) e raz&atilde;o peso/DNA (x 10<SUP>2</SUP>) do tecido adiposo epididimal dos ratos ap&oacute;s treinamento f&iacute;sico e subseq&uuml;ente destreinamento.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="CENTER">    <CENTER>     <div align="center">       <center><TABLE BORDER="1" CELLSPACING=1 CELLPADDING=4 WIDTH=579> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=7 width="673"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">Treinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Grupos</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-SED</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="97" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">SAL-INT</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="103" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-SED</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-CONT</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">MSG-INT</font></FONT></P>   </TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Peso</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">300,53&#177;  13,41</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="97" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">324,47&#177;  19,20</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">296,38&#177;  25,63</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="103" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">916,88&#177;  33,75<SUP>*</SUP></font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">878,21&#177;  13,10<SUP>+d</SUP></font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">780,78&#177;  84,71<SUP>#<B>:</B></SUP></font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">DNA</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,025&#177;  0,0029</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="97" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,021&#177;  0.0012</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,019&#177;  0,0020</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="103" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,019&#177;  0.0025</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,018&#177;  0.0021</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,018&#177;  0.0024</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Peso/DNA</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">120,05&#177;  30,95</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="97" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">154,38&#177;  37,76</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">155,78&#177;  42,12</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="103" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">482.86&#177;  69,76<SUP>*</SUP></font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">487,76&#177;  73,01<SUP>+</SUP></font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">433,93&#177;  93,13<SUP>#</SUP></font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD VALIGN="TOP" COLSPAN=7 width="673"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="CENTER"><font face="Times New Roman">Destreinamento</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Peso</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">344,64&#177;  30,07</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="97" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">570,88&#177;  108,46</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">426,31&#177;  47,36</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="103" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">900,75&#177;  105,36*</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">1107,64&#177;  165,23<SUP>+</SUP></font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">1048,19&#177;  87,00<SUP>#</SUP></font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">DNA</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,0082&#177; 0,00074</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="97" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,0088&#177;  0,00095</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,0094&#177;  0,0017</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="103" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,0081&#177;  0,0015</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,0082&#177;  0,0012</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">0,0084&#177;  0,0012</font></FONT></TD> </TR> <TR><TD WIDTH="59" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">Peso/DNA</font></FONT></P>   </TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">420,73&#177;  148,70</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="97" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">648,86&#177;  51,55</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">486,19&#177;  86,72</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="103" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">1112,34&#177; 319,15*</font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="96" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">1350,54&#177;  71,14<SUP>+</SUP></font></FONT></TD> <TD WIDTH="54" VALIGN="TOP"> <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">1262.97&#177;  124,83<SUP>#</SUP></font></FONT></TD> </TR> </TABLE>   </center> </div> </CENTER>  <FONT SIZE=2>    <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;Resultados expressos como m&eacute;dia<B>  &#177; </B> EPM de 5 a 8 ratos por grupo. As siglas s&atilde;o as mesmas constantes do Tabela 1.&nbsp;</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman"> &nbsp;Diferen&ccedil;a significativa (ANOVA p&lt; 0.05) em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o a: *SAL-SED, <SUP>+</SUP>SAL-CONT, <SUP>#</SUP>SAL-INT , <B><SUP>:</B></SUP>MSG-SED</font></P> </FONT><B>     <P><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">DISCUSS&Atilde;O</font></P> </B>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O exerc&iacute;cio f&iacute;sico, sabidamente, exerce uma s&eacute;rie de efeitos ben&eacute;ficos &agrave; sa&uacute;de e por isso tem sido amplamente indicado para programas de controle ponderal. Entre os efeitos esperados da pr&aacute;tica constante de exerc&iacute;cios, acha-se a melhoria do condicionamento f&iacute;sico. A utiliza&ccedil;&atilde;o do lactato sangu&iacute;neo como indicador do estado de condicionamento aer&oacute;bio vem ganhando forte impulso nos &uacute;ltimos anos (8). No presente estudo o programa de treinamento intermitente reduziu o ac&uacute;mulo de lactato sangu&iacute;neo nos ratos SAL e MSG durante o teste de esfor&ccedil;o f&iacute;sico. Isto indica a efic&aacute;cia desse protocolo de treinamento f&iacute;sico em promover melhoria do condicionamento nesses animais (4). Redu&ccedil;&atilde;o no ac&uacute;mulo de lactato sangu&iacute;neo deve-se principalmente a maior capacidade de remo&ccedil;&atilde;o de lactato do sangue promovido pelo treinamento (9). Entretanto, em nenhum dos grupos treinados pelo protocolo cont&iacute;nuo (SAL e MSG) houve qualquer diferen&ccedil;a significativa entre animais sedent&aacute;rios e treinados. Em conjunto esses resultados sugerem maior efic&aacute;cia do protocolo intermitente em compara&ccedil;&atilde;o ao cont&iacute;nuo na melhoria do condicionamento f&iacute;sico.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Os animais tratados com glutamato monoss&oacute;dico (MSG) no presente estudo apresentaram peso corporal e estatura (comprimento focinho-&acirc;nus) menores que os controles equivalentes e deposi&ccedil;&atilde;o anormal de gordura na carca&ccedil;a, a despeito da ingest&atilde;o alimentar semelhante, confirmando dados anteriores da literatura (10,11). Os animais MSG mostraram valores significativamente superiores em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos teores de gordura na carca&ccedil;a e ao peso do tecido adiposo epididimal em ambas as etapas do experimento (treinamento e destreinamento) comparados aos grupos controles correspondentes. Isto tamb&eacute;m foi observado em outros estudos utilizando roedores tratados com MSG (10,11). Segundo alguns autores, animais MSG apresentam menor atividade da lipase horm&ocirc;nio sens&iacute;vel (enzima respons&aacute;vel pela lip&oacute;lise) e menor express&atilde;o de seu mRNA no tecido adiposo. Al&eacute;m disso, n&uacute;mero de receptores de insulina, s&iacute;ntese de lip&iacute;deos e transloca&ccedil;&atilde;o celular de GLUT-4 acham-se mais elevados nos adip&oacute;citos de ratos MSG que controles (11). Por outro lado, NASCIMENTO et alii (12) constataram que roedores tratados com MSG apresentam aos 90 dias de idade aumento da lipog&ecirc;nese associado &agrave; diminui&ccedil;&atilde;o do conte&uacute;do de GLUT-4. De qualquer forma, o ac&uacute;mulo excessivo de tecido adiposo nos animais MSG parece estar relacionado a um desbalan&ccedil;o entre respostas lipol&iacute;ticas e atividades lipog&ecirc;nicas.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Tem sido relatado que animais tratados com MSG s&atilde;o hipoativos e o desenvolvimento da obesidade nestes foi relacionada ao menor gasto energ&eacute;tico em certos per&iacute;odos do dia (13). A obesidade nesses animais tem sido associada tamb&eacute;m a um aumento da efici&ecirc;ncia alimentar (14). Animais MSG usualmente apresentam menor temperatura corporal e menor taxa metab&oacute;lica basal que animais eutr&oacute;ficos (15). Alem disso, de acordo com diferentes autores, o desenvolvimento da obesidade em ratos tratados com MSG no per&iacute;odo neonatal, ocorre na aus&ecirc;ncia de hiperfagia (11,13,16), fato este que foi comprovado no presente estudo.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Menores comprimento e peso corporais em animais tratados com MSG em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos controles tamb&eacute;m foram relatados em alguns estudos pr&eacute;vios nos quais a express&atilde;o do mRNA do horm&ocirc;nio do crescimento estava reduzido associado a uma diminui&ccedil;&atilde;o do metabolismo prot&eacute;ico (11). A redu&ccedil;&atilde;o do comprimento explica o menor peso corporal dos animais MSG em compara&ccedil;&atilde;o aos controles, a despeito do maior ac&uacute;mulo de gordura na carca&ccedil;a.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Em resumo, nossos resultados no que tange ao ac&uacute;mulo de gordura na carca&ccedil;a e ao crescimento corporal indicam que, no presente estudo, o desenvolvimento da obesidade induzida pelo MSG processou-se conforme descrito na literatura.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Em ambas etapas do presente estudo (treinamento e destreinamento) nenhuma diferen&ccedil;a significativa foi observada em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o ao n&uacute;mero de c&eacute;lulas adiposas, conforme indicado pelo teor de DNA, no tecido adiposo epididimal. Por outro lado, os ratos MSG apresentaram, logo ap&oacute;s as fases de treinamento e destreinamento, valores no tamanho celular conforme inferido pela raz&atilde;o peso do tecido/DNA, significativamente superiores em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos SAL equivalentes. Em ratos, o peso dos &oacute;rg&atilde;os e o teor de prote&iacute;na continuam a aumentar at&eacute; os 100 dias de idade. Em contraste, o DNA atinge um m&aacute;ximo antes em muitos &oacute;rg&atilde;os (7). No tecido adiposo, o DNA atinge um aumento m&aacute;ximo aos 90 dias de idade (16). Altera&ccedil;&otilde;es metab&oacute;licas durante o per&iacute;odo do crescimento hiperpl&aacute;sico podem resultar em n&uacute;mero alterado das c&eacute;lulas no tecido adiposo. O tratamento neonatal com MSG provavelmente n&atilde;o alterou o n&uacute;mero de c&eacute;lulas mas aumentou o tamanho destas no tecido adiposo. Estudos anteriores indicam que a obesidade induzida por MSG &eacute; do tipo hipertr&oacute;fica uma vez que tais animais mostraram menor teor de DNA associado a uma maior raz&atilde;o prote&iacute;na/DNA (11, 17).</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Nenhuma diferen&ccedil;a significativa foi observada no conte&uacute;do de prote&iacute;na na carca&ccedil;a dos animais MSG e SAL. O teor de &aacute;gua, por sua vez, mostrou-se significativamente menor nos animais MSG. Uma s&eacute;rie de estudos mostrou redu&ccedil;&atilde;o no conte&uacute;do de prote&iacute;na e &aacute;gua em animais tratados com MSG (18,13). Alguns estudos pr&eacute;vios indicaram teor reduzido de prote&iacute;na na carca&ccedil;a nos ratos MSG sedent&aacute;rios (19) resultado de uma redu&ccedil;&atilde;o do mRNA do horm&ocirc;nio do crescimento e lentifica&ccedil;&atilde;o do metabolismo prot&eacute;ico.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O teor de gordura na carca&ccedil;a dos animais MSG treinados foi menor que os sedent&aacute;rios ap&oacute;s a etapa de treinamento, confirmando resultados obtidos por COUTO (20). Esse achado foi refor&ccedil;ado pela constata&ccedil;&atilde;o da redu&ccedil;&atilde;o do peso do tecido adiposo epididimal nos animais MSG treinados em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos sedent&aacute;rios Segundo alguns autores, o exerc&iacute;cio f&iacute;sico promove eleva&ccedil;&atilde;o da lip&oacute;lise no tecido adiposo pela a&ccedil;&atilde;o de horm&ocirc;nios lipol&iacute;ticos (glucagon, adrenalina, noradrenalina, glicocortic&oacute;ides e GH) que s&atilde;o liberados durante o exerc&iacute;cio de longa dura&ccedil;&atilde;o. Quanto mais intenso for o exerc&iacute;cio, maiores os n&iacute;veis s&eacute;ricos de catecolaminas (21) o saldo negativo no balan&ccedil;o energ&eacute;tico e o gasto energ&eacute;tico em repouso (2). Al&eacute;m disso, a carga de trabalho pode induzir altera&ccedil;&otilde;es agudas na temperatura corporal que desencadeiam respostas termorregulat&oacute;rias mais duradouras (22).</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">O treinamento intermitente talvez favore&ccedil;a maior gasto energ&eacute;tico p&oacute;s-exerc&iacute;cio por manter a taxa metab&oacute;lica de repouso em n&iacute;veis elevados por um longo per&iacute;odo (23).  Nesse per&iacute;odo, a gordura proveniente do tecido adiposo constitui o principal substrato consumido pelo organismo, reduzindo assim o conte&uacute;do lip&iacute;dico corporal. O menor conte&uacute;do lip&iacute;dico dos animais MSG submetidos ao treinamento f&iacute;sico parece ter sido respons&aacute;vel pelo menor ganho de peso corporal alcan&ccedil;ado por esses animais. Por outro lado, esperava-se que o treinamento f&iacute;sico tivesse favorecido redu&ccedil;&atilde;o do conte&uacute;do lip&iacute;dico corporal nos animais SAL o que n&atilde;o ocorreu, embora esses tenham apresentado redu&ccedil;&atilde;o do ganho de peso.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Um achado que merece destaque, embora n&atilde;o seja o principal foco do presente estudo, &eacute; que ambos os protocolos de treinamento f&iacute;sico melhoraram o crescimento linear dos ratos tratados com MSG, como indicam os dados relativos ao comprimento corporal ao final do experimento. O exerc&iacute;cio f&iacute;sico induz diversas altera&ccedil;&otilde;es bioqu&iacute;micas importantes para o crescimento som&aacute;tico. Tais altera&ccedil;&otilde;es podem estar relacionados aos n&iacute;veis do horm&ocirc;nio do crescimento (GH). O GH tem muitos efeitos biol&oacute;gicos sobre o crescimento corporal, afetando o metabolismo das prote&iacute;nas, dos carboidratos e dos lip&iacute;dios e estimulando o crescimento &oacute;sseo e cartilaginoso. J&aacute; foi demonstrado que a administra&ccedil;&atilde;o de GH ex&oacute;geno restaura peso e comprimento corporais em ratos jovens submetidos &agrave; desnutri&ccedil;&atilde;o prot&eacute;ica (24). Os n&iacute;veis circulantes de GH podem ser influenciados pela atividade f&iacute;sica, com tend&ecirc;ncia &agrave; eleva&ccedil;&atilde;o em exerc&iacute;cios acima do limiar anaer&oacute;bio (25).</font> </P>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Estudos envolvendo a obesidade t&ecirc;m se intensificado nos &uacute;ltimos anos em fun&ccedil;&atilde;o da escalada cada vez maior da incid&ecirc;ncia dessa doen&ccedil;a. A obesidade aparece ligada a patologias como doen&ccedil;as cardiovasculares, dislipidemias, diabetes mellitus, entre outros problemas. Isto justifica o investimento cada vez maior em novas pesquisas sobre o tema. Por raz&otilde;es &oacute;bvias, grande n&uacute;mero de pesquisas envolvendo a obesidade t&ecirc;m sido conduzidas em animais de laborat&oacute;rio, especialmente o rato. Nesse contexto, os resultados aqui apresentados s&atilde;o indicativos de que o modelo experimental usado no presente estudo pode ser &uacute;til em pesquisas que visem ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o papel do exerc&iacute;cio na preven&ccedil;&atilde;o e no tratamento da doen&ccedil;a.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">Em resumo, a partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que:</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- A droga utilizada (MSG) no presente estudo com a finalidade de induzir obesidade nos ratos foi eficiente j&aacute; que os animais tratados apresentaram maiores teores de gordura na carca&ccedil;a que os controles.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- O protocolo de treinamento f&iacute;sico intermitente melhorou o condicionamento f&iacute;sico aer&oacute;bio dos animais, uma vez que os ratos treinados mostraram menor ac&uacute;mulo de lactato durante o exerc&iacute;cio em compara&ccedil;&atilde;o aos sedent&aacute;rios.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- Ambos os programas de treinamento f&iacute;sico empregados foram eficientes no controle ponderal, na medida que os ratos obesos treinados apresentaram menor ganho de peso que os sedent&aacute;rios equivalentes.</font> </P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- Esse menor ganho de peso apresentado pelos ratos treinados provavelmente, deveu-se ao menor ac&uacute;mulo de gordura, pois tanto o peso do tecido adiposo epididimal quanto o percentual de gordura na carca&ccedil;a foram inferiores em rela&ccedil;&atilde;o aos sedent&aacute;rios.</font></P>     <P ALIGN="JUSTIFY"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">- Os efeitos de ambos os protocolos de treinamento foram transit&oacute;rios uma vez que ap&oacute;s o per&iacute;odo de destreinamento essas tend&ecirc;ncias desapareceram.</font></P> <B>    <!-- ref --><P><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">REFER&Ecirc;NCIAS</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=431956&pid=S0004-0622200400010000900001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">2. 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