<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1317-0570</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Telos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Telos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1317-0570</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Dr. Rafael Belloso Chacín]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1317-05702025000301023</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36390/telos273.22</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A DIPLOMAT AT THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE: RUBENS RICUPERO'S ECONOMIC IDEAS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Un diplomático en el Ministerio de Economía: las ideas económicas de Rubens Ricupero]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salomão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ivan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leonardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iazdi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de São Paulo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Federal de Uberlândia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>1023</fpage>
<lpage>1029</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1317-05702025000301023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1317-05702025000301023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1317-05702025000301023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Rubens Ricupero was not only one of the most important Brazilian diplomats of the 20th century, but also a central figure in decisive moments in the country's political and economic history over the last fifty years. In addition to representing Brazil in multilateral forums such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Ricupero was the Minister of Finance responsible for creating Brazil's most important monetary stabilization plan, the Real Plan. His career in the Brazilian civil service allowed him to accumulate political experience and technical knowledge like few other Brazilian men of his generation. Thus, this article aims to systematize and analyze his intellectual trajectory and the main theoretical elements of his economic thinking. To this end, primary documents, academic articles and books, and material extracted from a face-to-face interview conducted at his office in early 2020 were used. The article shows the eclecticism of his economic ideas, although one can note the importance that Ricupero attaches not only to state action itself, but above all to the development of a welfare state capable of mitigating inequalities and defending the environment, while ensuring the necessary conditions for capital accumulation.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Rubens Ricupero no solo fue uno de los diplomáticos brasileños más importantes del siglo XX, sino también una figura central en momentos decisivos de la historia política y económica del país durante los últimos cincuenta años. Además de representar a Brasil en foros multilaterales como el Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles Aduaneros y Comercio (GATT) y la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD), Ricupero fue el ministro de Finanzas responsable de crear el plan de estabilización monetaria más importante de Brasil, el Plan Real. Su carrera en la burocracia estatal brasileña le permitió acumular experiencia política y conocimientos técnicos como pocos otros brasileños de su generación. Por lo tanto, este artículo tiene como objetivo sistematizar y analizar su trayectoria intelectual y los principales elementos teóricos de su pensamiento económico. Para ello, se utilizaron documentos primarios, artículos académicos y libros, así como material extraído de una entrevista presencial realizada en su oficina a principios de 2020. El artículo muestra el eclecticismo de sus ideas económicas, aunque se puede observar la importancia que Ricupero concede no solo a la acción del Estado en sí misma, sino sobre todo al desarrollo de un Estado del bienestar capaz de mitigar las desigualdades y defender el medio ambiente, al tiempo que garantiza las condiciones necesarias para la acumulación de capital.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rubens Ricupero]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diplomacy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brazilian Economy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Economic Ideas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Real Plan]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rubens Ricupero]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diplomacia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Economía Brasileña]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ideas económicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Plano Real]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plano Real: uma Avaliação Preliminar]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista do BNDES]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>3-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batista Junior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International debt rescheduling since mid-1982: rescue operations and their implications for commercial Banks and debtor countries]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Unctad]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belluzzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Depois da Queda - a economia brasileira da crise da dívida aos impasses do Real]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Civilização Brasileira]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sob o Signo Neoliberal: as relações internacionais da América Latina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>5-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chesnais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Finance capital today: corporations and banks in the lasting global slump]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Brill Academic Pub]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. F. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dacanal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Francisco Simch (1877-1937): a Germanic practical economist in southern Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nova Economia]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biographical entry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CPDOC/FGV]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diamond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Guns, Germs, and Steel]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Record]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dosman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Life and Times of Raúl Prebisch, 1901-1986]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[McGill-Queen's University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eggertsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[State Reform and the Theory of Institutional Policy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Economia Política]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2 (74)</numero>
<issue>2 (74)</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filgueiras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[História do Plano Real]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Boitempo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. H. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Plano Real e outros ensaios]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. Francisco Alves]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilauri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Practical Economics: Economic Transformation and Government Reform in Georgia (2004-2012)]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harcourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On Paul Krugman on Maynard Keynes&#8217; General Theory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[History of Economics Review]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<page-range>125-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harvey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Brief History of Neoliberalism]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moraes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Populism, economic policy, and crises in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C. R do.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A real história do Real]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Record]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Przeworski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[States and Markets: A Primer in Political Economy]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricupero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Optimal Point of Crisis]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Revan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricupero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Brazil and the dilemma of globalization]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. Senac]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricupero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Hope and Action]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paz e Terra]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricupero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Interview]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FAAP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricupero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sustainability, well-being, and human rights]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cadernos de Campo]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<numero>28</numero>
<issue>28</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stuart Mill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[On the Definition of Political Economy and The Method Of Investigation Proper to It]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Abril Cultural]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
