Abstract

LUGO DE DIAZ, Gredy  and  GIMENEZ DE SALAZAR, Xiomara. La halitosis como un posible factor de riesgo de la enfermedad periodontal. Acta odontol. venez [online]. 2006, vol.44, n.2, pp.265-276. ISSN 0001-6365.

Halitosis is a common experience that it affects a great proportion of the adult population and although many systemic conditions can cause it has suggested a 85% of the cases is originated of the microbial activity within the buccal cavity. The local factors play an important role in most of the cases and to bacteria and substances attribute themselves that are able to produce Compound of Azufre Volatiles (CAV). The two main anatomical sources of CAV that have been identified in the buccal cavity are the language and the gingival furrow. Many anaerobic bacteria great refusals are able to produce CAV, mainly the Hidrogeno Sulfide (H2S) and Metil Mercaptano (CH3SH). These compounds are originated of the collapse of amino acids such as Cisteina, Cistina, Metionina or peptides and take place in the mouth through the rotting of exogenous and endogenous protein  substrata, that include exfoliadas cells, leukocytes, saliva, blood and rest of meals. The CAV have studied widely by their implication in the etiology of the periodontal degradation and by the fact to play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The evidences demonstrate that the exhibition to these compounds can alter the integrity of the mucosa and increase to its permeability to ions and great molecules, such as endotoxin. The studies indicate that in exposed weaves to low concentrations of these thiols alters the synthesis of proteins in the gingivales fibroblasts, contributing with the degradation of the collagen. This alteration can affect any cell, the extracellular matrix directly or both. The exhibition in vitro to the CAV increases the production of PGE2 and procollagenase in the fibroblasts, causes a diminution of collagen type I and III in cells of the periodontal ligament and stimulates the production of IL-1 in cells of the monocytics. These experiments suggest it pathogenesis of the periodontal disease can be modulated by the exhibition to Volatile Sulfur Compounds.