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Agronomía Tropical
Print version ISSN 0002-192X
Abstract
AVILAN, Luis et al. Las podas cuadrada y piramidal truncada, con y sin aserrado, en la producción del mango . Agronomía Trop. [online]. 2003, vol.53, n.3, pp.239-258. ISSN 0002-192X.
An essay on mangoes was carried out by CENIAP-INIA (National Research Center for Agriculture) in Maracay, Venezuela, during production years of 1999-2000 and 2000-2001. Mango trees of cultivars Haden, Tommy Atkins, Edwards and Kent, grafted on "Criollo" that induces low height, spaced 6x6 m (278) pl ha-1) were evaluated during full growth period in order to study canopy effect of the shapes truncated pyramidal, square and free growth, with cortical cutting and without cortical cutting or ring-shaped of fifty percent of the main branches, over vegetative growth, flowering and production.Treatments were: control trees in free growth without cortical cutting (TSA), control trees in free growth with cortical cutting (TCA), truncated pyramidal shape without cortical cutting (FPTSA), truncated pyramidal shape with cortical cutting (FPTCA), square shape without cortical cutting (FCSA), square shape with cortical cutting (FCCA). Variables studied wee: increase of canopy volume (IVC), flowering percentage, yield (kg tree-1) and productive efficiency. A completely randomized design with five replications in a factorial arrangement (4x3x2) was used, having each tree represent a plot. Results revealed that as pruning increased so did IVC, with reduction of flowering and fruit yield. Productive efficiency of FPT was the highest of the essay, and over time in increased its difference in relation to FC and free growth (T). Cortical cutting did not show significant effect over the variables studied. Mean yields (t ha-1), for the two years of production, were: T 19.29, FC 14.72 and FPT 11.97; FPT and FC mean yields are 149% and 189% superior in relation to 7.5-8.5 t ha-1 of the traditional system of planting (69 pl ha-1), with orchards of similar age (seven to eight).
Keywords : Mangifera indica; canopy shape; cortical cutting; productive efficiency and yield.
