Abstract

MEZA, Norkys  and  BAUTISTA, Dámaso. Fenologia de la floración en dos variedades de níspero. Agronomía Trop. [online]. 2005, vol.55, n.2, pp.203-215. ISSN 0002-192X.

The phenology of sapodilla was studied, by means of daily observations carried out in the varieties Santiago and Delfina, from the initiation of flower bud breaking until antesis. The study was carried out on five branches of six plants of each to variety  which were marked to observe and to describe the evolutionary phases of the floral shoots until anthesis. The floral development and the flowering were presented in the extreme apical and orthotropic and in the branches plagiotropic and the duration was chronologically very similar in the two varieties. Together with the breaking of the terminal shoot, the floral primordia and foliar they begin their development simultaneously from positions subapical. The flowering was observed by means of technical of sweeping microscopy. Chord with the observations, the flowering process was divided in five phases. The first phase began with the entrance in activity meristem distinet and it culminates when it becomes visible the floral button and the primordia to foliate reaches 6 mm , what happened in one week. During the second phase distinet the peduncle and the sepals were made, with a duration of but or less 20 days; the third phase concludes when, besides the sepals, petals become visible also the stamens, with a duration of 3 to 4 days. In the fourth phase they are already completed the formation of the peduncle, the most external sepals are observed separate and the stigma was totally formed and receptive, with a duration of seven days; during the fifth phase the development of the flower is completed and the anthesis began. The flower presented exudates stigmatic before happening the dehiscence of pollen and its development was completed approximately in 45 days, in the s two varieties.

Keywords : Manilkara zapota; floral phenology; bud; development.