Resumen

SALAZAR, Efrain et al. Lonizing radiation for mutation induction in Musa AAA for drought tolerance. Agronomía Trop. [online]. 2014, vol.64, n.3-4, pp.185-200. ISSN 0002-192X.

Musa has great economical, nutritional, social and cultural importance. Commercial exploitations are severely affected by the lack of water, given the long drought periods that may occur. This situation has caused the abandonment of the crop due to the high investment for the implementation of irrigation. In order to support sustainable development of rural communities and favoring the production of Musa, it is necessary to produce drought tolerant Musa genotypes. Traditional breeding is difficult due to the sterility of most commercially grown genotypes. Mutation’s induction is a valuable tool for such goal, being necessary to establish the conditions to obtain the drought tolerant plants with this technology. Dosimetry using in vitro grown Musa AAA buds, and the selection method using PEG 8000 were established, estimating the LD50. M1V6 generation was obtained in vitro and regenerated plants from irradiated buds were morphologically and anatomically characterized, and they were compared to plants regenerated from non-irradiated tissues. Irradiated plants had varied leaf morphology but different from non-irradiated plants. Also, they were more vigorous, and had a leaf anatomy with higher chloroplast density and a better organization of spongy parenchyma. Plants from irradiated buds kept their vigor and leaf color when exposed to simulated water stress conditions, while plants from non-irradiated buds showed evident symptoms of stress after the third day under simulated drought conditions.

Palabras clave : induced mutations; in vitro culture; plant breeding; drought resistance.

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