Resumen

GONZALEZ PEREZ, Lourdes; OSORIO DELGADO, Martha  y  SUAREZ, Franklin. Morpho-agronomic characterization of native and local potato varieties collected in Mérida state, Venezuela. Agronomía Trop. [online]. 2014, vol.64, n.3-4, pp.237-252. ISSN 0002-192X.

In the highlands of the Andes is where basically a wide diversity of species and cultivars of native potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) has being conserved. In Merida, varieties have been in used for more than 30 years, however, information about this valuable germplasm is very limited, for this reason, native varieties have been collected and characterized to increase knowledge about their genetic diversity and quality for fresh or processing consumption. The aim of the study was to perform morpho-agronomic characterization of native and local potato varieties collected in rural communities of Municipalities Rangel, Pueblo Llano, Cardenal Quintero, Miranda, Libertador, Campo Elías and Arzobispo Chacon in Merida state. 34 landraces were evaluated, grown for four cycles at 3,100 m.a.s.l. of altitude. Qualitative, quantitative, nutritional and frying quality traits were considered. The results showed that native and local potatoes showed great diversity of shapes and colors as well as large differences in yields. Fry tests indicated that, in planting conditions and agronomic management used, these varieties are not suitable for the industry. The nutritional content achieved was lower than reported in native varieties of Andean region, and below the required for the human diet. However they constitute a genetic pool to consider in breeding programs, due to the resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, and its valorization and conservation will depend of the outcome of this study.

Palabras clave : Solanum tuberosum L; qualitative traits; quantitative traits; nutrition; germplasm.

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