Resumen

CASTRO-GONZALEZ, M.I; MIRANDA-BECERRA, D  y  PEREZ-GIL, R.F. Risk-benefit of some mollusks and processed fishes in the renal patient´s diet. ALAN [online]. 2010, vol.60, n.1, pp.70-78. ISSN 0004-0622.

The renal diet must include limited amounts of high quality protein, phosphorus P and potassium K. n- 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA EPA and DHA), present in fishes and mollusks, render beneficial properties against progression of renal damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate protein PR, phosphorus P, potassium K, calcium Ca and n-3PUFA in processed fishes and mollusks as an alimentary option for renal patients. Canned tuna (water AA and oil AC), sardine in tomate sauce ST and chipotle SC and smoked salmon SA, fresh jumbo flying squid CA, common octopus PU and oyster OS were evaluated. Significant difference was detected (p <.0.05) for K between different types of fish. SA contained 38g/100g PR, 307 mg/100g of P, 371 mg/100g K and 106 mg/100g n-3PUFA. Sardines contained (279-304 mg/ 100g of P and 283-322 mg/100g K and tunas 142-160 mg/100g P and 141-154 mg/100g K. Tunas and sardines had elevated concentration of n-3PUFA (4114 and 4790 mg/100g respectively), P:n- 3PUFA and K:n-3PUFA ratio was low in tunas (0.03) and sardines (0.06). AA and AC contained (10.1 and 11.1 mgP/gPR), while ST and SC provided 26.4-19.1 mg/P/gPR. n-3PUFA/gPR were similar for tunas and sardines (302-424mg/gPR). Mollusks: CA presented the highest values of P and PR (2.4mg/100g and 18.4g/100g). n-3PUFA ranged from 4.3 to 79 mg/100g in PU and OS respectively. Among processed fishes, only canned tunas are recommended for the diet of renal patients, in an individualized basis. The risk-benefit ratio of sardines in the renal diet should be evaluated, due to their high content of P and n- 3PUFA. Salmon and mollusks are not recommended for the renal diet.

Palabras clave : Processed fishes; mollusks; protein; phosphorus; potassium; EPA; DHA; renal diseases.