Abstract

ZAMORA GASGA, Victor Manuel et al. Dietary patterns, nutritional profile, and body mass index in Mexican schoolchildren: A cross sectional study. ALAN [online]. 2017, vol.67, n.1, pp.06-14. ISSN 0004-0622.

Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem in Mexico. In this study, childhood specific dietary patterns and their relationship with overweight obesity prevalence, nutrient profiles and types of foods consumed were studied. A descriptive cross sectional study of 724 randomly selected schoolchildren between 9 to 12 years old from Nayarit State, Mexico was performed. Data on anthropometric characteristics and food intake were recorded. Seven dietary patterns and three specific diets were identified by multivariate analysis. A dietary pattern characterized by high legume, snack and low beverage intake was negatively associated with weight and body mass index. The overall over weight and obesity prevalence was 20.2% and 20.6%, respectively. Diet type significantly influenced (p<0.05) protein, carbohydrates and fat intake but did not show correlation with the overweight obesity status. Simple sugars, candies, pastries and sweetened beverages appeared in all dietary patterns. Dietary patterns in countries with a wide gastronomic diversity should be considered to design preventive nutrition intervention programs.

Keywords : Nutrition; obesity; schoolchildren; energy Intake; food habits.

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