Abstract

OCHOA R, Wladimir; LOZADA, Oscar E  and  BASTIDAS, Gilberto. Púrpura Trombocitopénica inmune en la infancia. 20 años de experiencia: 1985-2005. Estado Cojedes-Venezuela. Arch Venez Puer Ped [online]. 2008, vol.71, n.4, pp.105-111. ISSN 0004-0649.

Introduction: The immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) it is a syndrome characterized by hemorrhagic, diathesis consequence of the excessive peripheric destruction of platelets, widely spread in the world and considered the most frequent thrombocytopenia in children. Objective: To description the clinic-epidemic behavior of the ITP in Cojedes state, Venezuela. Methods: It was done a descriptive prospective study with children with clinic of ITP who request medical assistance at the Hospital "Dr. Egor Nucete" of Cojedes state in a 20 years period. The variables studied were: time of the year, origin, age, gender, antecedents, clinical features, hematological signs, clinical variety and treatment. It was carried out statistical analysis. Results: 112 children with ITP, cumulative annual average incidence of 4.4 for each 100.000 children less 12 years old; March, June, July and August showed most cases and also the municipalities of San Carlos (30.36%), Falcón (18.75%) and Rómulo Gallegos (17.86%). There was higher incidence of ITP among 5 - 8 years (39%), without difference among gender, but with antecedents of respiratory upper tract infection in 82% of the cases; The acute disease was predominant (91%), thrombocytopenia lower than 50.000 platelets/ mm³, only 9% didn't receive treatment. Conclusions: The ITP is a disease of important morbility in the Cojedes state, with similar epidemic behavior than the rest of Latin America and the world, being its occurrence influenced by environmental factors, prevalence of the illness among the 2 - 8 years, without distinguish of gender, with infection antecedents as factor of risk in the genesis of the clinical features and satisfactory evolution without treatment.

Keywords : Immune thrombocytopenic purpura; platelet; children.