Resumo

LOPEZ, Mayerling; BERNAL, Jennifer  e  LOPEZ, Michelle. Potential renal acid load in children from 2 to 6 years of age. Arch Venez Puer Ped [online]. 2012, vol.75, n.3, pp.68-74. ISSN 0004-0649.

High protein intake increases endogenous acid production, which may lead to metabolic acidosis, decrease in bone and muscle mass, hipercalciuria and urolithiasis, among other disorders. Objective: Estimate and analyze the Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) of the diet in children from two to six years of age. Methods: The study is descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational wich included fifty two children who assisted to an ambulatory well child clinic in Carrizales, Miranda State, Venezuela. The main variables studied were: (1) Macronutrient food intake and diet pattern which was assessed by a 24 hour recall (24hR) and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The 24hR allowed to evaluate nutritional adequacy and the FFQ, the diet quality, as well as diet protection and risk factors. Nutrient intake was compared with national and international recommendations; (2) PRAL was determined according to Remer and Manz. Statistical analysis was performed by means of the SPSS, v17.0 software. Results: Protein intake was high in 46,15% of the children. Food groups with the highest unbalance were meat and dairy products for excessive intake and fruits and vegetables for defective intake, both of which represent risk factors for acid production. PRAL was positive in 92% of the children and was positively correlated (p<0.05) with intake of energy, proteins, fat and with the food groups of meat and dairy. Conclusion: The diet of the studied children was characterized by an excessive acid load with the risk for the generation of systemic acidosis and its metabolic consequences.

Palavras-chave : acidosis; renal tubular; dietary proteins; fruit; vegetables; child; preschool.

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