Resumen

GOMEZ-LOPEZ, Simón et al. Infant cerebral palsy. Arch Venez Puer Ped [online]. 2013, vol.76, n.1, pp.30-39. ISSN 0004-0649.

The ICP (infant cerebral palsy) is a syndrome whose origin is located in the Central Nervous System (CNS), first neuron or upper motor neuron, that means that almost all children with ICP also exhibit defects of posture, movement and other associated disorders. It is the most common cause of physical disability in children. It has been nearly two centuries of studies on ICP. The frequency of ICP in developed countries affecting 1.2 - 2.5 in 1000 live births; in Venezuela we do not have statistics. The weight and gestational age are the more common factors related to the presence of ICP, is deplorable the lack of relevant and reliable neuropathological studies. The precise mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are unknown. The most useful classification is the clinic. This syndrome should be suspected as early as possible (before 18 months). The diagnosis is clinical (clinical history and examination), always trying to find its origin and a neurodevelopmental tracing up to 7 years. Dismiss neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, as well as neuromuscular diseases (lower motor neuron). The treatment must be integral, planned, coordinated, multi and interdisciplinary. The objective must be to improve the quality of life of these children, preventing early pregnancy, consanguinity, breach of prenatal control and maternal malnutrition. Now days over 90% of children with ICP survive into adulthood.

Palabras clave : Cerebral palsy; Development; Definition; Etiology; Prevention; Management.

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