Resumo

LOPEZ, Diana et al. Etiology and Mortality of Health Care Associated Pneumonia in Pediatrics. Arch Venez Puer Ped [online]. 2014, vol.77, n.1, pp.9-14. ISSN 0004-0649.

Introduction: Healthcare associated pneumonia (HCAP) is the second leading cause of nosocomial infections in the United States. It constitutes 60% of the global mortality of hospital-acquired infections (20-50% crude mortality, and attributable mortality 30-33%). The etiology is most often associated with Gram negative rods, especially Klebsiellapneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Gram positive such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Objectives: to determine the etiology and mortality of HCAP at the Hospital JM de los Rios (HJMR), Caracas-Venezuela, from January 2008 to June 2012. Methods: we conducted a prospective study, which included patients who developed respiratory infection 48 hours after the admission at the HJMR or who had respiratory symptoms within the first 7 days after discharge. Results: 308 cases were included as HCAP. 46.8% were infants and 25% were mechanical ventilation associated pneumonia (VAP). 23.38% of total cases were admitted as noninfectious pathology. In 15.91% of the cases, the etiologic agent was identified. We had a total of 92 isolated microorganisms: 61.39% Gram negative, 25.74% Gram positive, and 12, 87% fungi. The most frequent were P. aeruginosa: 32.61%, coagulase negative Staphylococcus: 13.04% and K. pneumoniae: 8.69%. The overall mortality rate was 12.66%. Mortality from VAP was 20.78%. Conclusions: The mortality did not exceed the estimates in the literature, almost a half of the studied population is represented by infants and the most frequently bacterial isolation was Gram negative.

Palavras-chave : healthcare associated pneumonia; ventilator associated pneumonia; etiology; mortality; pediatrics.

        · resumo em Espanhol     · texto em Espanhol     · Espanhol ( pdf )