Resumen

MORA G, Emilia et al. Diet, nutrition and cancer risk. Arch Venez Puer Ped [online]. 2014, vol.77, n.4, pp.202-209. ISSN 0004-0649.

Cancer results from the interaction of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure. The diagnosis of cancer is related to age and there is a net increase in cancer incidence after the childbearing years. Nutrients and toxic exposures contribute significantly to the risk of some cancers. Nutrition as a determinant of growth and body development also influences cancer risk directly through carcinogens in food or indirectly as the hormonal and metabolic response to growth and obesity. Cancer prevention may begin before conception, so expectant mothers should start your pregnancy at a healthy weight and avoid excessive weight gain or low during pregnancy. Micronutrients are important for embryonic development and fetal growth. Inadequate habits at an early age of life, given by ingestion of toxins contained in certain foods trigger pathophysiological mechanisms that eventually result in modification of the genomic pattern of children, which later leads to the emergence of oncological diseases in adulthood. Children should be fed exclusively on breast milk until 6 months of age and thereafter incorporate adequate complementary foods. Suggested recommendations firmly established base are analyzed are: maintain a healthy body weight, eating a varied diet, daily include various vegetables and fruits, increase daily fiber intake, limit total fat intake, alcohol, salt-cured foods, smoked and preserved with nitrites. The pediatrician can and should work with parents and teachers in promoting healthy habits that accompany you throughout your life to the children of today.

Palabras clave : Diet; Nutrition; Cancer Risk; Toxics and Preservation; Prevention; Children.

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