Resumen

MENDOZA, Sineirys et al. Despitaje del cáncer colorectal en pacientes asintomáticos a partir de los 45 años: Centro Médico docente la trinidad. Caracas-Venezuela. Enero 2001- Octubre 2006. Gen [online]. 2008, vol.62, n.3, pp.199-204. ISSN 0016-3503.

The following is a retrospective study which determines the prevalence of polyps in asymptomatic patients over 45 years of age, attending the Tutorial Medical Check Consult at the Centro Medico Docente La Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela, and its comparison with other age groups, using flexible rectosigmoidoscopy, from January 2001 to October 2006. Population: 3556 flexible sigmoidoscopies, Tutorial Medical Check (SFOD) recorded in the centre`s database. We evaluated 563 patients diagnosed with polyps for a total of 730 polyps diagnosed endoscopically. Sample: 477 patients were included in the study: 92 female (19.28%) and 385 male (80.71%), with 634 endoscopic diagnosis of left colon polyps. Methodology: rectosigmoidoscopy was performed on all patients using a Fujinon EXP model 201 colonoscope with previous retrograde preparation with 2 sodium biphospate and sodium phosphate enemas, and a liquid diet. The polyp was resected during the rectosigmoidoscopy when it measured less than 7mm with clamp or biopsy forceps. Colonoscopy and polypectomy of the injury was performed when it measured more than 7mm, with a loop diathermy. We evaluated parameters such as sex, age, location of the flat lesion or polyp, morphological type, size and histologic grade of dysplasia. Results: The overall average age of patients with polyps was 53.89 years, with a standard deviation of 7.56 years. A prevalence of 4.38% of asymptomatic patients without risk , with adenomas (156/3556) was found mainly boys with 87.82% (137) and a confidence level of 0.81 to 0.91, the group of 50.59 years prevails (26.28%), followed by the group of 45-49 years (25.64%). The women represent only 12.16%; prevailing those over 65. The average age was 54.7 years, with a standard deviation of 7.6 and with a 95%confidence interval 40 = 70 years. It was noted an increase in the frequency of adenomas in the 50 to 59 years age group 28.50% (65/228), and a high frequency in the 45 to 49 years group , 25% (57). Large adenomas (1cm) accounted for 44.29% (101/223), the tiny representing 35.08 (80) and small 20.6%. 71.79% of the patients (112/156) were referred for colonoscopy and polypectomy. 42.98% of tubular adenomas reported low grade dysplasia and 3.50% high-grade dysplasia, which prevails in tubulovillous adenomas in 5.26% (12). 3.50% (6) reported low grade dysplasia and 0.87% reported invasive carcinoma. 3.50% of flat adenomas has high-grade dysplasia.

Palabras clave : adenoma; rectosigmoidoscopy; asymptomatic without risk; colorectal cáncer.