Resumen

VASQUEZ, Anderson; HAZEL, Ester  y  ROMERO, Gisela. Nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. Gen [online]. 2012, vol.66, n.3, pp.207-212. ISSN 0016-3503.

Malnutrition is a common feature of the chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), so nutritional intervention plays an important role in the treatment of these patients. This work was intended to perform an update on fundamentals and the effects of nutritional therapy according to the evidence. We should make the nutritional screening for the prevention or treatment of malnutrition related disease and include control of body weight, the determination of anthropometric parameters and visceral proteins synthesis, determination of vitamins and minerals and a densitometry. Oral, enteral and parenteral nutritional therapy may be needed during the different phases. For the nutritional specialized support, of choice uses the enteral nutrition (EN), and the parenteral nutrition (PN) in the patients with EN's absolute contraindication or that do not tolerate it. The patient should receive the calories and nutrients according to the assessment of the nutritional status, avoiding the use of restrictive diets except when it is necessary. Has been studied in the diet therapy intolerance to foods, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, antioxidants, bioactive elements, the type of fat and immunomodulation but the available evidence is limited. It is concluded that nutrition should be considered an integral component in the management of patients with IBD, in order to avoid self control disease-related malnutrition to decrease morbidity and mortality and improve quality of life also. recommended further studies to demonstrate the benefit of nutritional immunomodulation.

Palabras clave : Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Enteral Nutrition; Nutritional Status.