Introduction:

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) enables precise evaluation of the pancreas, biliary tract, gastrointestinal wall, and mediastinal or abdominal lymph nodes. It is both a specialized diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in gastroenterology.

Objective:

To describe echoendoscopic findings and highlight their usefulness in the detection and characterization of various digestive pathologies.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study using purposive non-probabilistic sampling. A total of 158 patients were included (62 women and 96 men). EUS examinations were performed by gastroenterologists enrolled in an advanced training program, under the supervision of specialist gastroenterologists.

Results:

Most patients were male (60.76%). The main diagnosed and characterized pathologies were malignant tumors of the pancreas and biliary tract (58.86%), pancreatic head cysts (15.18%), subepithelial lesions (12.02%), mucinous papillary hyperplasia of the pancreas (7.59%), gallbladder cancer (3.80%), esophageal tumor (1.27%), hepatocellular carcinoma (0.63%), and high-grade ovarian carcinoma (0.63%).

Conclusions:

EUS provides highly accurate diagnosis of digestive tract and adjacent pathologies, even in early stages and in the absence of obvious clinical manifestations. It is a highly effective, minimally invasive tool for both diagnosis and therapy. Its clinical application enables earlier interventions, optimizes treatment planning, and supports individualized, more efficient patient follow-up.