Resumen

UZCATEGUI, Yanyn Betzabe; TOVAR, María Carolina; LORENZO, Coromoto Jacqueline  y  GONZALEZ, Mireya. Patología vaginal: utilidad de la citología y la colposcopia como métodos diagnósticos. Rev Obstet Ginecol Venez [online]. 2012, vol.72, n.3, pp.161-170. ISSN 0048-7732.

Objective: To evaluate the colposcopy and cytology as vaginal pathology diagnostic methods. Methods: prospective and descriptive study involving 100 patients. Cytology, colposcopy and directed biopsy, or in the upper vagina third when there was no injuries, was conducted. Results: The average age of the patients was 37.7 years. There was vaginal pathology in 81 patients: 19 (23.4 %) vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia I and 62 (76.5 %) injuries non neoplastic, including 47 (75.8.%) with infection by human papillomavirus and 15 (24.2 %) with other injuries. Among the 37 patients with colposcopy changes, 56.8 % had fine acetoblanco epithelium, 45.9 % of the changes were in the upper third. There were 5 cases of multifocal lesions. Two PAP submitted changes for human papillomavirus. In 66 patients there were histological changes consistent with infection by this virus, 19 with neoplasia. The sensitivity and specificity of cytology for intraepithelial neoplastic lesions was 0 % and 100 %, for the colposcopy 47 per cent and 78 per cent, and for both methods, 75 % and 16 %, respectively. Significant risk factors for infection of human papillomavirus and intraepithelial neoplasia were: age, prior cervical and vulvar disease, use of oral contraceptives and smoking. There is significant association between cervical or vulvar pathology and the diagnosis of infection of human papillomavirus in vagina. Conclusions: Cytology should not be used alone as a method of investigation of neoplastic lesions of the vagina; It is recommended to associate it with the vaginal colposcopy.

Palabras clave : Vaginal pathology; Pap smear; Vaginal colposcopy.

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