Abstract

MEJIA-MONTILLA, Jorly et al. Controversies in the diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus. Rev Obstet Ginecol Venez [online]. 2025, vol.85, n.2, pp.225-237.  Epub Nov 03, 2025. ISSN 0048-7732.  https://doi.org/10.51288/00850214.

Gestational diabetes mellitus, which is defined as hyperglycemia first detected during pregnancy, represents a growing challenge as the overall prevalence is increasing. This condition is associated with adverse maternal outcomes such as hypertensive syndromes of pregnancy, preterm delivery and cesarean section, as well as neonatal complications such as fetal macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, congenital malformations and neonatal hypoglycemia. In addition, evidence suggests an increased risk of developing long-term type 2 diabetes mellitus for both mother and neonate. Although treatment can reduce the risk of complications, the lack of consensus on screening strategies and the diversity of approaches - for example, the usefulness of glucose load testing and diagnostic criteria - make it difficult to unify the approach to gestational diabetes mellitus. The aim of the review was to analyze the controversies in the diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Keywords : Gestational diabetes mellitus; Screening; Diagnostic criteria; Complications.

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