Abstract

PANUNZIO R, Amelia P et al. Prevalence and Epidemiology of Blastocystis Sp. In Two Communties of The Maracaibo Municipality, State of Zulia. Kasmera [online]. 2014, vol.42, n.1, pp.9-21. ISSN 0075-5222.

To determine the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. and its association with epidemiological characteristics, a cross-sectional study was conducted in two communities of the Maracaibo Municipality, State of Zulia. To collect data, an epidemiological record was used; 406 randomly selected individuals participated; for each one, a direct parasitological examination with SSF- Lugol was performed. Individuals over 18 years (72.1%) and females (51.4%) predominated. The overall prevalence of Blastocystis sp. infection was 38.9%; poly-parasitism predominated (54.4 %), identifying Endolimax nana (36.1%) as the most frequently associated commensal species, followed by Giardia intestinalis (22.1%), among the pathogens. There was significant association (p<0.05) between the prevalence of infection with active occupation status, overcrowding, untreated water consumption and lack of adequate conditions to dispose of and eliminate waste. These variables showed OR 95% CI values, which demonstrates their influence as risk factors, reporting the greatest risk of infection (OR=3.18) for the active occupation status. No significant association was noted between the presence of Blastocystis sp. and other epidemiological characteristics (p >0.05). Limitations in community and personal hygiene standards are determinants for the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in these communities.

Keywords : Prevalence; epidemiological factors; Blastocystis sp.

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