Resumo

SOGBE M, Elías J et al. Histopathological findings, in situ hybridization and ultrastructural study of Porcine Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) in pig farms in Venezuela. Rev. Fac. Cienc. Vet. [online]. 2009, vol.50, n.1, pp.33-42. ISSN 0258-6576.

Nowadays, the postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) is an important disease in the swine industry, particularly in Canada, United States of America, Europe, Asia, and South America. The PMWS mainly affects pigs between 8 and 14 weeks of age. The PMWS is characterized by emaciation, diarrhea, icterus, and an enlargement of lymph nodes. The porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) has been described as the main infectious agent responsible for PMWS. It can concurrently occur with other viral diseases such as porcine parvovirus (PPV), porcine respiratory and reproductive viral syndrome, as well as other bacterial entities. The PMWS diagnosis is based on the pig’s age, clinical aspects, weight loss, macro and microscopic findings, presence of nucleic acids in tissues which reveal the existence of the PCV2, detected by an in situ hybridization (ISH) technique, and ultrastructural studies. This investigation studied the histological findings, in situ hybridization, and ultrastructural assessment of PMWS in pig farms in Venezuela. The main purpose of this study was to show a greater and updated cases of PMWS in our country. A total of 120 piglets ages 8 to 16 weeks, from 10 pig farms of the States of Aragua and Carabobo, Venezuela, were evaluated. The piglets showed poor body condition, pale appearance of mucous membranes, dyspnea, diarrhea, respiratory distress, and hypertrophy of superficial inguinal lymph nodes. At necropsy, diverse degrees of pneumonia, enlargement of superficial inguinal, mesenteric, and tracheobronquial lymph nodes were found, while the histological findings showed lymphoid depletion, loss of lymph nodes architecture, hystiocytosis, syncitial cells, and the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions in hystiocitic cells. All these findings were suggestive of PMWS. Furthermore, samples of the same tissues were processed through the ISH, which allowed showing the presence of PCV2 in all affected lymphoid tissues, confirming the diagnosis of PMWS. The ultrastructural study showed the characteristics of the virus involved. This is the first study in Venezuela that includes ultrastructural methods describing the PMWS.

Palavras-chave : Swine; circoviridae; diagnosis; morphology; nutritional disorders; Aragua; Carabobo.

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