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Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias
versión impresa ISSN 0258-6576
Resumen
REYES, Jesús et al. Standardization of the PCR technique for detection of Leishmania sp. DNA in canine blood samples. Rev. Fac. Cienc. Vet. [online]. 2015, vol.56, n.2, pp.72-79. ISSN 0258-6576.
Leishmaniasis is a disease with clinical and epidemiological diversity, caused by several species of protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. These parasites infect a wide variety of mammalian hosts, and are transmitted by insects of the genus Lutzomyia in our country. Canines have been implicated as potential reservoirs of the parasite. For the diagnosis of leishmaniasis, parasitological techniques generally with low sensitivity and immunological techniques, with poor specificity, are used. Because of limitations in the diagnosis, and the difficulty to obtain, transport, and store samples, the aim of this research was to standardize a Leishmania nested PCR test (Ln-PCR), for the detection of Leishmania sp. DNA in blood samples from dogs collected in filter paper. For that purpose, concentrations of the PCR reagent for DNA parasite amplification were titrated and the analytical sensitivity and specificity of the technique were determined. A total of 36 canine blood samples (6 infected and 30 uninfected) were evaluated. The optimal reaction conditions were: 0.2 mM dNTPs; 0.4 µM of each primer; and 1 U of Taq polymerase. The analytical sensitivity of the Ln-PCR was 10 fg and the specificity was 100% in detecting Leishmania sp. DNA, since no amplification was observed with DNA from other parasites, human DNA or canine DNA. The six samples from infected canines evaluated amplified Leishmania sp. DNA by PCR, whereas in none of the 30 samples from uninfected canines the amplification was observed. The DNA extraction from blood samples collected in filter paper was efficient for the PCR amplification, a technique that can be very useful for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis in animals and their involvement as potential reservoirs.
Palabras clave : Leishmaniasis; perro; diagnóstico; PCR.