Abstract

SALVADOR, Alejandro et al. Physics and Chemistry Characteristics, and Composition of Goat Milk of Canarian Goats on Tropical Condition. Rev. Fac. Cienc. Vet. [online]. 2016, vol.57, n.1, pp.53-60. ISSN 0258-6576.

Factors affecting the characteristics and composition of goat milk have been well studied in template countries, but not in tropical countries, such as Venezuela. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of breed group and some non-genetic factors on both characteristics and composition of milk from Canary crossbred goats in tropical conditions. To carry out the study, a total of 758 milk samples were analyzed. Data were collected in a period of nine years and milk samples were taken from a multiracial confined goat herd, located in Maracay, the State of Aragua, Venezuela (10° 16’ 25.30’’ N and 67º 36’ 35’’ W). Data were analyzed by a linear additive statistical model, with sire as random effect; age at calving (EC), year of calving (YC), month of calving (MC), prolificity (P), and breed group (BG), as fixed effects, and the covariates production days, as linear and quadratic effects. The means of the characteristics and composition (%) of goat milk were: cryoscopy (°C): -0.56; acidity (0.1 mL NaOH N/100 mL of milk): 19.12; chlorides (%): 0.22; WMT (mm): 10.75; pH: 6.55. Milk composition (%): fat: 4.32; protein: 4.00; casein: 2.63; humidity: 86.69; total solids: 13.30; non-fat solids: 9.04; ash: 0.77; and lactose: 4.27. The results of this study showed that all the fixed effects studied affected in a variable form, the characteristics and components of milk, being YC the most influential factor on the variation of the characteristic of milk. The BG “½ Canarian ½ Alpine” highlighted above all other genotypes, regarding the percentage content of the different solids of milk.

Keywords : Goat milk; physical-chemistry characteristic; composition; environmental factors; animal genetics; Canarian breed; Maracay; Venezuela.

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