Resumen

GODOY, Susmira  y  CHICCO, Claudio. Biodisponibilidad de fosfatos sedimentarios de venezuela en la alimentación de cerdos. INCI [online]. 2002, vol.27, n.9, pp.489-495. ISSN 0378-1844.

To determine phosphorus availability of two Venezuelan sedimentary phosphates, Riecito (RIO: 12.0%P, 1.2%F) and Monte (MONTE: 11.5%P, 2.8%F), in swine feed, two experiments were carried out, using dicalcium phosphate (DICAL: 22.7%P; 0.01%F) as control. In the first experiment, animal performance and bone mineralization were measured in 54 piglet crossbred York/Landrace/Duroc of 12 weeks of age and 17.5kg average body weight, distributed in nine uniform groups, three for each phosphate. Body weight and feed intake were recorded, and samples of coxal vertebrae, tarsus and metatarsus were taken to determine ash, Ca, P and F content. The slope gradient method of lineal regressions of response criteria was used to measure P availability, with DICAL as control. In the second experiment, apparent absorption of Ca, P and F, and net utilization of P and Ca, at two levels of intake, were measured, with 24 pigs 60kg average in weight, kept in metabolic crates, to record feed intake and excreta. Daily gains (g/animal) and total body gains (kg/animal) in the growth and finishing periods were similar for DICAL and RIO, which were larger (P<0.05) than MONTE. Accumulated intake (kg) and feed conversion were higher (P<0.05) for DICAL and RIO than for MONTE. Ash (mg/cm3) was different between sources, and P and Ca (mg/cm3) content in the vertebra were similar for RIO and MONTE, being both lower than for DICAL. Tarsus and metatarsus mineralization had similar trends as vertebrae. Apparent retention and net utilization (%) of P were higher (P<0.05) for DICAL than RIO and MONTE. Ca net utilization (%) was similar for all phosphates (82.5). Fluorine apparent retention (%) was higher (P<0.05) for MONTE than RIO. It is concluded that relative bioavailability (%) of P, using response criteria (weight and ash), was 100, 98 and 91, and when based upon absorption criteria was 100, 88 and 83, respectively, for DICAL, RIO and MONTE.

Palabras clave : Biodisponibilidad ; Calcio ; Cerdos ; Flúor ; Fósforo .