Abstract

BIANCHI, Néstor O; L, Verónica; MARTINEZ, Marignac  and  GUANUCO, Rogelio. Identificación de amerindios por medio del análisis de adn. su aplicación en los litigios por posesión de tierras, y otros temas legales y éticos. INCI [online]. 2003, vol.28, n.1, pp.8-14. ISSN 0378-1844.

Summary  Some basic rights of indigenous peoples, such as the acknowledgement of their existence as diverse people within national societies, the recognition of their special cultures, identities and languages, the protection of the lands currently owned and the recovery of those which they claim to belong to them, are recognized by most American countries. However, the traditional parameters to define as Native American a community or an individual are ambiguous and have given rise to multiple legal disputes for land ownership. In the last decade the finding of Native American-specific DNA markers provided better tools for defining indigenous peoples. Yet, the use of these ethnic markers in legal disputes of Native Americans for their right to land property has developed a new field within forensic biomedicine: forensic molecular anthropology, but it has also generated novel legal and ethic conflicts. The aim of this essay is to present some of the main areas of controversy and to favor a fruitful exchange of ideas among geneticists, bioethicists, lawyers, philosophers, and representatives of Indian peoples, with the purpose of finding an answer to many ethic and legal questions involved in research and genetic studies in which Indian communities participate

Keywords : Amerindios; Aspectos Legales; Amerindios: Antropología Molecular; Ética de Estudios Genéticos; Indígenas Americanos; Genética y Ética.