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vol.29 issue10The effect of oxidative stress on retinal and choroidal cytoarchitecture was evaluated, and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) analyzed, in rats subjected to hyperoxygenation (80 ±1% O2). Groups of rats were oxygenated from birth (day 0) to days 6, 9, 12 or 14 of life, while others were kept under normal O2 (controls). GSH blood concentration was determined in each period. Retinal and choroidal histology was studied in 30 day-old rats. GSH concentration was significantly lower in rats oxygenated on days 0-6 and 0-9 than in controls. However, rats kept under high O2 on days 0-12 and 0-14 showed similar values to the controls, possibly due to an adaptive process. In the retina and choroid of rats exposed to O2 on days 0-9, 0-12 and 0-14, capillary vasoconstriction was observed, as well as tight junction weakening in choroidal capillaries leading to hemorrhage. The retina from rats subjected to hyperoxigenation from 0-12 days showed vacuolized horizontal cells with damaged mitochondria and swollen nuclear envelopes. The results show severe structural damage in the retina and choroid when animals are subjected to high O2 levels.Pruebas normalizadas para la evaluación de la biodegradabilidad de sustancias químicas. una revisión author indexsubject indexarticles search 		Home Pagealphabetic serial listing  

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Interciencia

Print version ISSN 0378-1844

Abstract

ZARATE-SEGURA, Paola et al. Remoción de percloroetileno en dos tipos de sistemas anaerobios continuos . INCI [online]. 2004, vol.29, n.10, pp.561-567. ISSN 0378-1844.

Performance was evaluated and compared in two lab-scale mesophilic methanogenic complete mix reactors (RMC1, RMC2) and a methanogenic fluidized bed reactor (RANLEF) for removal of perchloroethylene (PCE) when fed a moderate concentration of methanol. The RMCs and RANLEF were operated at loading rates of 0.07 and 1gCOD·l-1·d-1, and hydraulic retention times of 15 and 1 day, respectively. The experimental design consisted of three periods of operation: methanogenic regime with methanol as carbon source (1); same with acclimation to 20 (2.1) or 40mgPCE·l-1 (2.2); and same with 40mgPCE·l-1 in RANLEF and RMC1 and 20 mgPCE·l-1 in RMC2 (3). In the first period both PCE and COD removals were higher in RANLEF; biogas CH4 content and chloride increase were similar in the three reactors. During period 2.2, PCE removal increased up to 81% in RANLEF, suggesting a good acclimation to the higher inflow PCE concentration; COD reduction remained high, and CH4 in biogas indicated a satisfactory methanogenic regime. The RMCs experienced drastic performance impairments upon increase of inflow PCE (20 to 40mg·l-1), and RMC1 was returned to operate with 20mgPCE·l-1. RMC2 performance remained poor, showing a drastic deterioration of methanogenesis and PCE removal. By contrast, RMC1 with 20mgPCE·l-1 recovered from the negative transient state and exhibited similar performance to that of RANLEF fed 40mg·l-1. In period 3, RANLEF with 40mg·l-1 and RMC1 with 20mg·l-1 showed similar performances, whereas RMC2 kept with 40mg·l-1 exhibited impaired COD removal, lower biogas productivity and CH4 biogas content, but a PCE removal very close to RANLEF and RMC1. The dehalogenation efficiency of RMC2 was significantly lower than that of the RANLEF, which appears to be a more robust and stable anaerobic process for the effective removal of high concentrations of PCE.

Keywords : Descloración Reductiva; Metanogénesis; Percloretileno; Reactor Anaerobio; Reactor de Lecho Fluidizado; Reactor de Mezcla Completa.

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