Resumen

UZCATEGUI, Euderruh et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance index, leptin and thyroid hormone levels in the general population of Mérida (Venezuela). Invest. clín [online]. 2015, vol.56, n.2, pp.169-181. ISSN 0535-5133.

The metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular events, but scarce information exists about its frequency in Venezuela. In this cross-sectional study, we quantified the prevalence of the MetSyn in a probabilistic, stratified sample of 274 subjects aged ³18 years from the Libertador district in Mérida, Venezuela. Secondary outcomes were the measurement of thyroid hormones (free T₄ and TSH), leptin levels, and insulin resistance index (HOMA2-IR). The frequency of MetSyn (percentage ± 95% confidence interval) according to several diagnostic criteria was as follows: National Cholesterol Education Panel (NCEP, original): 27.4% (22.1-32.7); modified NCEP: 31.8% (26.3-37.3); International Diabetes Federation: 40.9% (35.1-46.7); Latin American Diabetes Association: 27% (21.7-32.3), and Venezuelan criteria: 31.8% (26.3-37.3). The MetSyn was more frequent in males than in females with most diagnostic criteria. The estimated prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 2.9% either according to the patients’ self reports or to fasting glucose level found to be above 126 mg/dL. Abnormal HOMA2-IR index, free T₄ and TSH (above the 95^th percentile) were detected in 4.5%, 4.4% and 5.1% of the sample, respectively. Free T₄ and TSH levels below the 5^th percentile were detected in 4.4% and 4.7% of subjects respectively. These values are presented for comparisons with forthcoming studies in specific clinical populations. While studies are being conducted about the different definitions of the MetSyn in Venezuela, we recommend analyzing and publishing local research data with all the available criteria so as to allow comparisons with the results already reported in the literature.

Palabras clave : epidemiology; cholesterol panel; International Diabetes Federation; Latin American Diabetes Association; Venezuelan criteria.