Abstract

RAMIREZ, Mónica; GARIBAY-CERDENARES, Olga Lilia; MARTINEZ-SANTOS, Verónica I  and  PARRA-ROJAS, Isela. Utility of proteomic analysis in the search for biomarkers and therapeutic targets in metabolic alterations associated with obesity. Invest. clín [online]. 2017, vol.58, n.3, pp.284-308. ISSN 0535-5133.

Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease characterized by an increase in body fat that can be caused by an imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure. In the process of weight gain, factors such as genetic susceptibility, environmental factors and lifestyle are involved. It is well documented that obesity increases the risk of numerous diseases and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, low grade inflammation, some types of cancer and psychological disorders. Due to the increase in obesity and its comorbidities in recent years at the global level, medical expenses incurred for its treatment represent a serious problem for public health systems. Large-scale proteomic analysis is a powerful and promising tool for the discovery of early biomarkers and for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolic alterations associated with obesity. Nevertheless, it is essential to consider the technical limitations and the analysis and interpretation of the proteomic findings, to advance in the integral functional understanding of the dynamics of the proteome linked to obesity. In addition, approaches with a proteomic viewpoint will allow the development of new preventive therapies, as well as the discovery of potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of metabolic dysfunctions. The aim of this review is to analyze the most recent contributions of proteomics in the search for biomarkers related to obesity.

Keywords : obesity; metabolic disorders; biomarkers; proteomics.

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