Resumen

RIVERA, M et al. Aspectos Clínicos y Terapéuticos de las Trombosis Venosas y Arteriales. AVFT [online]. 2000, vol.19, n.2, pp.71-81. ISSN 0798-0264.

The integrity of the vascular endothelium is of primary importance for the maintenance of blood fluidity as well as the substances expressed and released by endothelial cells and membranes. Venous and arterial thrombosis are common diseases potentially fatal affecting equally to all races. These ailments are more frequent with increasing age and there are common in hospitalized patients. Heparin at low dosage is being used as preventive for Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT); higher doses are given in pathologies with a higher risk of venous or arterial thrombosis; Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH) are ideal for prevention of DVT. Oral anticoagulants are a very important therapeutic group against events of thrombosis regardless of ethiology. Aspirin has been the most studied and used molecule to prevent platelet aggregation; actually is recommended at low doses and as been compared with other products used at present for the prevention of platelet aggregation such as ticlopidin, clopidrogrel and slow liberation of aspirin combined with dipiridamol. To overcome the heparin-induced thrombocytopenia there are being tryed thrombin inhibitors with great hope in good results. As for the thrombolytic treatment itself, it should be initiated during the first hours of diagnosis keeping in mind indications and counterindications, being very careful in the choice of the agent, used by experts, in those cases where necessary and in patients in hospitals with facilities for adequate control. It should also be kept in mind the risk of hemorrhage as side effect in the therapeutic with these agents.

Palabras clave : Arterial thrombosis; Venous thrombosis; Anticoagulants; Heparins.