Resumo

IRIARTE R, María M. Hygiene in marketing shellfish shucked in Nueva Esparta state, Venezuela, period 1992 to 2007. INHRR [online]. 2009, vol.40, n.2, pp.21-35. ISSN 0798-0477.

Shellfish in Nueva Esparta state (Venezuela) are commercialized mainly shucked, in popular markets and by vendors along roadsides. This study compiles information about the results of analysis made during the years 1992 to 2007 to 161 samples of ostra perla (Pinctada imbricata Roding, 1798), pepitona (Arca zebra Swainson, 1833), mejillón (Perna perna Linnaeus, 1758), vieiras (Amusium papyraceum Gabb, 1873), guacuco (Tivela mactroides Born, 1778), chipi-chipi (Donax spp Lin - naeus, 1758 y 1767) and caracoles: Vaquita (Strombus pugilis Lin né, 1758), Longo (Melongena melongena Linnaeus, 1758), among other shellfish. In order to find out the percentage of noncompliance with the recommended bacteriological standards, fecal coliforms and E. coli (MPN/100 g) and total aerobic plate count (FCU/g) were evaluated using COVENIN norms. Also pH and odor were studied. Samples most unfit were fecal coliforms (88.1%), followed by E. coli (73.4%), total aerobic plate counts (66.9%) and abnormal odors (28.1%). The causes for this seem to be, among others, handling practices, use of non potable water and storing of shellfish at room temperature (26.0 °C mean) after cooking, shucked and during marketing. It was observed significant positive relations between total plate counts and fecal coliforms and E. coli (r = 0.78 y 0.56; P < 0.05); also between fecal coliforms and E. coli (r = 0.64, P < 0.05) this suggest that bacteria have a fecal source. In conclusion, these foods represented a significant and potential public health risk. It is recommended that fishermen and vendors receive instruction for correct handling practices, and that buyers wash and cook the products before they are consumed

Palavras-chave : Shellfish; Food handling; Fecal contamination; Public health; Nueva Esparta state; Venezuela.