Resumen

IRIARTE, María M  y  TORRES, María M. Incidence histamine and hygienic quality indicators´s bacteria in fillets, slice and pieces pelagic fish´s marketing in one fish´s market of Margarita´s Island (Venezuela). INHRR [online]. 2013, vol.44, n.1, pp.15-24. ISSN 0798-0477.

The incidence of histamine and of bacteria that indicate hygienic handling of fillets, slices and pieces of ten pelagic fresh fish (Euthynnus alletteratus; Caranx latus; Ophisthonema oglinum; Alectis crinitus; Sardinella aurita; Thunnus alalunga; Sarda sarda; Scomberomorus cavalla; Coryphaena hippurus and Xyphias gladius), sold in a fish market at Margarita Island (Venezuela) was assessed. According to COVENIN´s norms, total aerobic plate count (FCU g^-1) at 25 and 32 °C; fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli (MPN g^-1); histamine (mg/100 g) and pH were measured.  Also, members of the Enterobacteriaceae family (FCU g^-1) and histamine producing bacteria were counted, according to ICMSF and Niven et al respectively. All total aerobic plate count at 25 °C surpassed the m number (Log₁₀ = 5.70 CFU g^-1) established by ICMSF (1986). The Pearson test (r) showed that bacteria total counts at 25 and 32 °C were highly related (n = 90; r = 0.89; p < 0.01). E. coli exceeded in 76% of samples the number (Log₁₀ = 1.04 MPN g^-1). Histamine biggest numbers were detected in T. alalunga (average 43.5 mg/100 g in one of three samplings), followed by S. aurita (averages of 23.7 and 28.0 mg/100 g respectively, in two samplings).  Only in T. alalunga samples were penetrating odors detected and muscles with reduced elasticity.  This data and the adverse factors observed, such as: fish in direct contact with dirty areas and utensils,  leftover viscera, faulty bleeding, presence of insects, use of non potable water and the exposition of fish at inappropriate temperatures, revealed the handling of fish was not suitable.  It is recommended that sanitary officers carry out actions necessary to correct these deficiencies.

Palabras clave : Fish; Fish market; Histamine; Bacteria indicators; Total plate count; Fecal coliforms; Escherichia coli.

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