Resumo

HURTADO, Marta et al. Creencias y prácticas alimentarias e higiénicas en madres, según el estado nutricional de su hijo. . An Venez Nutr [online]. 2004, vol.17, n.2, pp.42-56. ISSN 0798-0752.

The aim of this study was to investigate the current state of beliefs, knowledge, practices and disposition to change, in the areas of feeding, nutrition and hygiene and their relationship with the nutritional anthropometrical state of their children, in order to identify protective/reproducible or harmful/preventable habits, for their potential impact on the nutritional state and growth. For these purposes we designed and applied a questionnaire to 50 mothers of Coche Island, Nueva Esparta State. We also performed an anthropometrical study of their respective pre-school and school children (n=76), determining Z-score for height/age, weight/age and weight/height according to WHO(cut off +/-1SD). Results: A significant proportion of the children (68%) were found to be in deficit of weight/age, height/age or weight/height, whereas 32% of the children were considered as normal according to all anthropometrical indicators evaluated. Consistent with the anthropometric deficit, we observed a marked inadequacy in the mothers’ knowledge and practices with respect to the basic elements evaluated in the questionnaire. We also found that normal children were nutritionally favored by protective factors such as adequate knowledge of their mothers about basic concepts about vegetables, cereals, proteins, calcium and other micronutrients (p<0.0001), and adequate practices such as more housekeeping time and the number of daily meals prepared for each child (3 instead of 2)(p<0.0001). The importance of maternal influence on childhood nutrition, justifies the planning and performance of health education activities, based on the recognition and attention to the beliefs that may generate and sustain their alimentary habits and practices.

Palavras-chave : childhood nutrition; mothers; anthropometrical indicators; beliefs; feeding practices.