Resumen

DELGADO PERALTA, Jessica  y  BERNAL RIVAS, Jennifer. Salt intake practices in patients with renal disease. An Venez Nutr [online]. 2013, vol.26, n.2, pp.69-72. ISSN 0798-0752.

Exceed salt intake is a common practice, that leads to pathological consequences in the whole population, even more in the patient with renal disease. High salt consumption has been associated with hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease that are responsible for 60% of worldwide morbi-mortality. The World Health Organization recommends a maximum intake of 5 g of salt/day. The aim of this study is to determine practices related with salt intake, and estimate the consumption in patients with renal disease, who attended the nephrology department in Guanare´s Hospital, Portuguesa State, Venezuela. We used a mixed-method approach in 66 patients (n=36 subjects from focus groups, n=30 who participated in quantitative interviews). The main variables studied were: availability of salt at household, intake of foods with high Sodium content, practices related with use of salt. The patients consumed 12.5 (♀) and 11.3 (♂) g/day, from salt alone and processed foods. The most consumed foods with high sodium content were: whole milk powder, white local cheese, ham, canned food, soft drinks, margarine, mayonnaise, garlic and soy sauce. Patients do not read the food label, ignore the amount of sodium in processed foods, avoid the salt on the table, but not from processed food. The salt intakes of these patients exceed more than double the international and national recommendations, and as a consequence they diminished their life expectancy and reduced their quality of life.

Palabras clave : sodium; salt; highly processed food; renal disease; Venezuela.

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