Resumo

LOPEZ DE BLANCO, Mercedes; LANDAETA-JIMENEZ, Maritza; HERRERA CUENCA, Marianella  e  SIFONTES, Yaritza. The Double Burden of undernutrition and obesity in Venezuela. An Venez Nutr [online]. 2014, vol.27, n.1, pp.77-87. ISSN 0798-0752.

The double burden of malnutrition, the coexistence of nutritional deficit and excess is the result of the Food and Nutrition Transition accelerated in developing countries that would had not have solved their problems of nutritional deficiency before they were reached by overweight, obesity and chronic diseases related to nutrition. Changes in the lifestyle of the Venezuelan population as a result of rapid urbanization and migration to the cities, is the most important phenomenon; aspects of prenatal and early postnatal growth and its association with chronic diseases related to nutrition are discussed. Demographic factors outline the Venezuelan population as high risk: teenage pregnancy prevalence is among the highest in the Latin American region, low birth weight, increased maternal mortality and infant mortality; exclusive breastfeeding decreasing’s the with age of the newborn. In the first study of overweight and obesity in the Venezuelan population, INN, in ages 7 to 17 years olds 21-28% were overweight and 15-17% were undernourished, a reflection of the “double burden”, whose distribution is heterogeneous in the country, the deficit in children appears to be larger than the excess overweight in rural states like Apure and in the lower socioeconomic strata. In adults, overweight and obesity increase with age. An approach to the prevention of the “double burden” and the public health problems resulting from this is presented.

Palavras-chave : Nutrition transition; double burden of malnutrition; obesity; undernourishment; Venezuela.

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