Resumen

LANDAETA-JIMENEZ, Maritza; HERRERA CUENCA, Marianella; VASQUEZ, Maura  y  RAMIREZ, Guillermo. Food and nutrition of Venezuelans: The National Standard Living Condition Survey 2014. An Venez Nutr [online]. 2015, vol.28, n.2, pp.100-109. ISSN 0798-0752.

The National Standard Living Conditions Survey (ENCOVI-2014) was conducted by the Catholic University Andres Bello (UCAB), Simon Bolivar University (USB), Central University of Venezuela (UCV) and Bengoa Foundation (FB), and aims to contribute with information on some factors affecting food and nutrition of Venezuelans. A structured survey, qualitative was performed in 1459 representatives of households.This is a descriptive cross sectional study with Stratified sampling, and random quota. Flour (corn and wheat), visible fat and sugar concentrated 42.9% of the weekly grocery shopping, which varied between 45.4 and 40.3% from low and high socioeconomic levels, and showed differences in quality and types of food. The poorest buy, cheaper, dense foods at subsidized public distribution networks. The intention of buying milk, dairy products and legumes is decreased in SES, eggs disappeared from poor households and the vegetables and fruits appear only on the high SES level. 11.3% of the sample eat only two or fewer times a day, of these, 39% are poor. Feeding the family is stresfull, 80% overall and 88.7% of the poorest perceive that their income is not enough for the weekly shopping. Protective factors for chronic diseases, balanced and varied diet, fruits and vegetables, consumption, having three meals a day and doing moderate to intense physical activity, are present only in the upper SES. Gastrointestinal infectious diseases appear as the major diseases associated to food consumption. Misguided policies have caused the lack of essential food in the traditional Venezuelan diet, a fact that promotes a situation of food violence, undernutrition, malnutrition and hunger, high social vulnerability, food insecurity and violation of the right to a healthy diet. established in the National Constitution.

Palabras clave : Food; nutrition; national survey of living conditions; nutrition survey; Venezuela.

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