Resumo

GIMENEZ, José Francisco; RIVERA P, Sergio  e  DEWARD, Jacobus. Characterization of the immune response of bovines with mycobacterim bovis field infection in an area with high incidence of bovine tuberculosis in Venezuela. Rev. Cient. (Maracaibo) [online]. 2009, vol.19, n.5, pp.475-485. ISSN 0798-2259.

The bovine tuberculosis is a chronic, zoonótic infectious disease and contagious having as causal agent to the Mycobacterium bovis inductive of a diverse immune response. This sandal, from an answer cellular, able to control the infection, happening through powerful, but a nonefficient one, humoral response to a state of not response or anergia, facilitating the dissemination of mycobacteria. In this study animals selected by the Venezuelan National Institute of Integral Agricultural Health (INSAI), like reactors to the simple test of the Tuberculina in a property with antecedents of tuberculosis by but of 20 years. To these animals the following tests were applied: Comparative of the tuberculina (PPD-B and PPD-A), test for Gamma Interferon (INF-y) and a Immun-enzimatic Test for TBC (ELISA-TBC), next was made the inspection post morten in the refrigerator where the compatible macrocospic injuries with tuberculosis were evaluated and classified. The selected weaves were used for bacteriological studies, DNA extraction and later amplification specific sequence with specific boots IS6110 for tuberculoso complex M., applying the test of Chain Reaction of Polimerasa (PCR-SSP) for the definitive identification of the pathogen. The result of these tests allowed to observe different patterns from immune response: cellular (PPD+, PPD+ - INF-y + or INF-y +), mixed (PPD+ and/or INF-y, ELISA-TBC+) and humoral (ELISA-TBC). Also anérgics animals detected themselves, negatives to all the immunological tests, positive in bacteriology and PCR-SSP. It was possible to be established the progression of the disease from the severity of the injuries and the age of the animals. These different immune responses may explain the persistence of infection in farm notwithstanding the implementation of the resolution of official control and eradication of Bovine Tuberculosis in the region.

Palavras-chave : Bovine tuberculosis; Mycobacterium bovis; inmunity response; INF-y; ELISA-TBC; anérgia; PCR-SSP.