Resumen

SUAREZ, Claribel et al. Risk factors associated with the bovine trypanosomosis of livestock farms in Venezuela. Zootecnia Trop. [online]. 2009, vol.27, n.4, pp.363-372. ISSN 0798-7269.

The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with bovine tripanosomosis in cattle ranches in Venezuela. There were processed a total of 1.675 blood samples for active infection study and 1.572 for serology, collected in 49 cattle herds from livestock farms scattered in nine states of the country and 4 different geographical regions: east and west plains, south lake, central-west, and andean. Microcentrifugation technique was used to detect active infection by Trypanosoma vivax, while seropositivity to this hemoprotozoan was detected by both the indirect immunofluorescence technique and the ELISA immunosorbent assay. Through an epidemiological survey, information on the racial, age, gender, purpose, management, and tripanocidal treatment (active ingredient and frequency of application) was gathered. There was a general active infection rate of 5,9% and an overall 33,1% seropositivity. The following parameters (risk factors) were positive associated to seropositivity: lack of implementation of trypanocidal drugs (OR=2,62), use of diminazeno (OR=1,87), age group heifers(OR=1,48) and adults (OR=1,41), racial Bos indicus (OR=1,80), purpose meat (OR=1,29), and semi intensive handling (OR = 1,40). Factors associated negative (protective effect) were trypanocidal drug application (irrespective of the active ingredient) (OR=0,38), implementing isometamidium (OR=0,35), frequency of use of drugs on a regular basis with trypanocidal drugs at interval of 4 to 6 months (OR=0,62) and longer than 6 months (OR=0,33), age group calves (OR=0,39), racial mixed breed B. taurus x B. indicus (OR=0,63), and extensive management (OR=0,71). These factors should be considered in the implementation of strategic plans to control this disease in endemic areas

Palabras clave : Trypanosoma vivax; trypanosomosis; risk factors.

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