Abstract

ECHEVERRIA, Miriam et al. Mayor histocompatibility complex class II, DRB1*/DQB1* alleles of amerindian wayúu from Venezuela. Opcion [online]. 2008, vol.24, n.56, pp.44-66. ISSN 1012-1587.

In order to establish the alelic and haplotypic frequencies of HLA of class II systems in Wayúu population of the Venezuelan Guajira 53 individuals of the Wayúu ethnic group studied of the Venezuelan Guajira, adult of both sexes, not related located in different communities from the Páez municipality of the state Zulia ,Venezuela. The DNA of peripheral blood was extracted , was amplified using the technique of Chain Reaction of Polimerasa (PCR) and later hibridation with sequences specific oligonucleotides (PCR-SSO), for the tipificación of loci DQB1* and DRB1*. The genetic distances were determined on the basis of the data previously reported of the indigenous populations Colombian Wayúu, Barí, Yucpa, Warao of Venezuela, the caucasian of Madrid and the black of Sao Paulo, Brazil, by Cos qn = åÖPi x Pj, d = Ö1 - cos qn. The allelic frequency (af) was determined by af = 2 x homozygous + heterozygous /2 x N. I stupefy more frequently observed in Venezuelan the Wayúu population was DRB1* 0411 with 19.54%, followed of DRB1* 0403 with 18.75% and DRB1* 1602 with 10.94%. The high frequency but for locus DQB1* was the 0302 with 53.58% followed by DQB1* 0301 with 27.14% and DQB1* 0402 with 7.86%. Haplotipos DRB1*0411-DQB1*0302 and DRB1* 1602-DQB1*0301 were in linkage disequilibria (D= Öd/N - Öb+d/N x c+d/N and X² test) in Venezuelan the Wayúu population. The dendrograma shows Venezuelan the Wayúu population with own identity, very near colombian the Wayúu population, followed of the pair Yucpa - Barí of he himself Zulia state followed of the Warao population (this of Venezuela). The block of the indigenous populations is observed well separated of the Spanish and black caucasians of Sao Paulo, Brasil.

Keywords : HLA class II; Venezuelan Wayúu; allelic frenquencies; linkage disequilibria; genetic distances.