Resumo

LOPEZ MAYA, MARGARITA. Venezuela 2001-2004: actores y estrategias. CDC [online]. 2004, vol.21, n.56, pp.109-132. ISSN 1012-2508.

Venezuela between the final months of 2001 and August 2004 underwent convulsive times. The hegemonic struggle taking place between sociopolitical actors localized in two poles of society entered an «insurrectional phase» resulting favorable to the government and its alliances. In this article the most relevant political issues that took place during these months are reconstructed and analyzed in order to contribute to an evaluation of the hegemonic struggle at present. Section 1 presents national and international contextual elements. Section 2 reconstructs and analyzes the April Coup d’Ètat. Section 3 follows the process that results in a general and oil stoppage; the 4th section revises the months after the failure of the strike that will result in the opposition’s new strategy of the presidential recall. Section 5 examines the recall process.

Palavras-chave : Venezuela; Insurrections; Coup d’ Ètat; Oil stoppage; Political violence; Polarization; Social and political.