Resumen

PEREZ PINON, Francisco  y  LIDDIARD CARDENAS, Stefany. The usefulness of sources in the reconstruction of historical knowledge. ESPACIO ABIERTO [online]. 2025, vol.34, n.3, pp.67-77.  Epub 04-Sep-2025. ISSN 1315-0006.  https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15609161.

The discipline of history is presented as a reflective and dialogic science of the historian with the past, present and future configuration and supported by Michell Foucault's toolbox, it is considered as the intellectual process, as the rational logic of struggle. against inequalities and the marginality of socio-educational processes. The usefulness and great importance of the sources in the reconstruction of historical events are visualized, other elements are provided such as the subjectivity and interpretations of the researchers who give life, who make them speak, thereby intending to impact the construction of the future societies. The two fathers of history are presented, Leopoldo Ranke as the father of scientific history where scientificity from the 19th century fell on objectivity and the idea that was in vogue in that century, the impartiality that should be present in the reconstruction of events in order not to distort the course of history and to Herodotus of Halicarnassus who, in his poetic narratives of history, had the purpose of moralizing the societies of antiquity, especially the Greek one, the pretensions were the creation of the incipient nationalities supported in battles, the heroes the gods, the idea of ​​​​creating future, ethical societies through their narratives. The discussion focuses on continuing with the objectivity and scientificity of history or building society, by knowing the spaces of experience and thinking about the horizon of waiting; In this sense, postmodernist theorists are recovered who consider that the psychological factor is what acts in giving meaning to the sources, so the work is directed in the sense of proposing the psychological, subjective, interpretive element as another of the sources that act. in historical-educational narratives.

Palabras clave : Scientific history; moralizing history; history as a dialogic process; history as a reflective science; usefulness of sources.

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