Abstract

PULIDO NAVARRO, Margarita; VILLEGAS RODRIGUEZ, Jorge  and  LEDESMA CANO, Blanca. Stress and the immune system in Honduran maquiladora workers. Salud de los Trabajadores [online]. 2012, vol.20, n.2, pp.193-204. ISSN 1315-0138.

Numerous studies point to the maquiladora industry as an area of unstable production processes, devoid of labor rights, characterized by intensive use of female labor and associated with adverse effects on health of workers. There are a large number of these industries in Central American countries, including Honduras, and the health of their workers has been affected. Prolonged exposure to stressful conditions can impact various body systems, including the immune system. This research analyzes the relationship between stressful working conditions and alterations in the immune system of Honduran maquiladora workers. Surveys were completed by 199 workers to identify potentially stressful working conditions and adverse health effects. We identified the presence of stress (stress symptom scale) and its impact on the immune system through measurement of serum antibodies. We measured IgG, IgA and IgM by the turbidimetric method in 98 workers. Bivariate analysis was performed with the program Statcalc. Multiple exposures to stressful conditions were reported. 83% of workers had stress. Decreases in immunoglobulin levels were found in 12.24% of workers. This was unexpected, as only 1 in 1000 persons in the general population present any decrease in immunoglobulin levels. The presence of conditions associated with stressful conditions, common in the maquiladora industry, makes it urgent to correct these conditions and prevent adverse health effects among female workers. The observed decrease in immunoglobulin levels should be considered when assessing the impact of harmful conditions of work and in the implementation of preventive measures.

Keywords : working conditions; job stress; health workers; antibodies.

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