Resumo

BERIA, José  e  BRUZUAL, Silviapatricia. Phonological strategies employed by Kari´nas to incorporate spanish lexical loanwords into their language. Saber [online]. 2015, vol.27, n.3, pp.489-497. ISSN 2343-6468.

This paper describes the main processes and changes that account for the phonological structure through which different Spanish loanwords have entered kari'na, a Carib language spoken in Anzoátegui, Venezuela. Several approaches have been discussed to explain the adaptation of loanwords to the borrower language. The phonetic approach proposes that adaptation of loanwords is determined only by the perceptive grammar component, regardless of the rules and/or constraints of the donor language. This position is held by Silverman (1992) and Peperkamp and Dupoux (2003), among others. On the other hand, the phonological approach, whose proponents include Paradis (1996) and LaCharité and Paradis (2005), among others, argue that the phonology of the borrowing language plays an important role in the phonological adaptation of loanwords. The research was descriptive with a documentary and fieldwork design. For that purpose, the Kari'na-Spanish dictionary of Mosonyi (2002) was completely revised by withdrawing all entries that clearly constitute loanwords taken from Spanish. Once the loanwords were extracted, the phonological processes which allowed them to adapt themselves to kari'na were established. Several phonological strategies employed by the kari'nas to include loanwords from Spanish were detected: (1) vowel lengthening, (2) glottal insertion /j/, (3) consonants germination, (4) vowel reflection, (5) epenthesis and (6) changes of phonemes. It is concluded that the processes of adaptation of Spanish loanwords into the kari'na language are better explained following the phonological approach, because the same processes also work in their own language.

Palavras-chave : Adaptation processes; kari'na; consonant changes.

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